Garcia, RegianeSpiegel, Jerry M.Yassi, AnnaleeEhrlich, RodneyRomão, PauloNunes, Elizabete A.Zungu, MuzimkhuluMabhele, Simphiwe2020-11-252020-11-252020-10Garcia, R., Spiegel, J.M., Yassi, A. et al. 2020, 'Preventing occupational tuberculosis in health workers: an analysis of state responsibilities and worker rights in Mozambique', International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 17, no. 20, art. 7546, pp. 1-16.1660-4601 (online)10.3390/ijerph17207546http://hdl.handle.net/2263/77171Given the very high incidence of tuberculosis (TB) among health workers in Mozambique, a low-income country in Southern Africa, implementation of measures to protect health workers from occupational TB remains a major challenge. This study explores how Mozambique’s legal framework and health system governance facilitate—or hinder—implementation of protective measures in its public (state-provided) healthcare sector. Using a mixed-methods approach, we examined international, constitutional, regulatory, and policy frameworks. We also recorded and analysed the content of a workshop and policy discussion group on the topic to elicit the perspectives of health workers and of officials responsible for implementing workplace TB policies. We found that despite a well-developed legal framework and national infection prevention and control policy, a number of implementation barrier persisted: lack of legal codification of TB as an occupational disease; absence of regulations assigning specific responsibilities to employers; failure to deal with privacy and stigma fears among health workers; and limited awareness among health workers of their legal rights, including that of collective action. While all these elements require attention to protect health workers from occupational TB, a stronger emphasis on their human and labour rights is needed alongside their perceived responsibilities as caregivers.en© 2020 by the authors. Licensee: MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Occupational healthHealth workersRightsLawsGovernanceImplementation scienceMozambiqueTuberculosis (TB)Article