Rapoport, Bernardo LeonHerrstedt, JornSnow, Rebecca ClarkRadhakrishnan, VenkatramanSaito, MitsueNavari, Rudolph M.Smit, Teresa2024-01-182024-01-182024-01Rapoport, B.L., Herrstedt, J., Snow, R.C. et al. 2023 updated MASCC/ESMO consensus recommendations: prevention of nausea and vomiting following multiple-day chemotherapy, high-dose chemotherapy, and breakthrough nausea and vomiting. Support Care Cancer 32, 36 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-023-08224-1.0941-4355 (print)1433-7339 (online)10.1007/s00520-023-08224-1http://hdl.handle.net/2263/94005PURPOSE : This review is an update of the MASCC/ESMO 2015 recommendations for the prophylaxis of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting induced by multiple-day chemotherapy, high-dose chemotherapy, and breakthrough nausea and vomiting. METHODS : A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed from June 1, 2015, through February 1, 2023. RESULTS : We identified 56 references (16 were duplications or invalid), leaving 40 manuscripts for this search. The panel classified level I evidence (three manuscripts) and level II evidence (14 manuscripts). High-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplant were discussed in four of these manuscripts, and multiple-day chemotherapy treatment in 15. Some manuscripts covered both topics. Additionally, a search for breakthrough nausea and vomiting resulted in 12 “hits.” No new relevant studies were identified. CONCLUSIONS : The recommendations for patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplants and patients undergoing multiple-day cisplatin were updated. For patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy for stem cell transplant, a combination of a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist with dexamethasone and aprepitant is recommended. Olanzapine could be considered part of the antiemetic regimen. Patients receiving multiple-day cisplatin should receive a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist plus dexamethasone plus aprepitant plus olanzapine. For patients experiencing breakthrough nausea and vomiting, the available evidence suggests using a single dose of olanzapine daily for 3 days.en© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV)Multiple-day chemotherapyHigh-dose chemotherapyBreakthrough nausea and vomitingNK1 receptor antagonists5-HT3 receptor antagonistsSDG-03: Good health and well-beingArticle