Madlala, Hlengiwe P.Chen, JunyuJao, JenniferMyer, LandonMendham, Amy E.Pheiffer, CarmenBell, LiamDugas, Lara R.Goedecke, Julia H.Sun, Yan V.Bengtson, Angela M.2025-09-112025-09-112025-08Madlala, H.P., Chen, J., Jao, J. et al. Brief communication: targeted serum proteomics in postpartum South African women living with and without HIV, correlations with anthropometry and adiposity. AIDS Research and Therapy 22, 76 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00782-0.1742-6405 (online)10.1186/s12981-025-00782-0http://hdl.handle.net/2263/104285DATA AVAILABILITY : All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files). In addition, the datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.Postpartum adiposity is associated with long-term risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which may be influenced by HIV infection. We investigated cross-sectional correlations between postpartum adiposity measures, and circulating proteins linked to CVD in women living with and without HIV. Irrespective of HIV status, adiposity was positively correlated with fatty acid binding protein 4, leptin and galectin 9; and negatively correlated with insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 and V-set immunoglobulin domain containing 2. The link between adiposity and CVD-linked circulating proteins underscores the role of protein markers in understanding the cardiometabolic health of postpartum women living with and without HIV. Clinical trial number: Not applicable.en© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Cardiovascular disease (CVD)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)AdiposityPostpartumProteomicsWomenSouth Africa (SA)Article