Lyberger, Kelsey P.Machekano, HonestKhan, Md Kawsar2026-03-032026-06Lyberger, K., Machekano, H. & Khan, M.K. 2026, 'Vulnerabilities of parasitoid-mediated biocontrol to climate stress', Current Opinion in Insect Science, vol. 75, art. 101493, pp. 1-8, doi : 10.1016/j.cois.2026.101493.2214–5745 (print)2214-5753 (online)10.1016/j.cois.2026.101493http://hdl.handle.net/2263/108724DATA AVAILABILITY : No data were used for the research described in the article.Climate change threatens vital ecosystem services, including biological control mediated by parasitoids. As higher-trophic-level organisms, parasitoids, compared to their hosts, are disproportionately vulnerable to climatic stress because their survival depends on both their own physiology and that of their hosts. This review synthesizes how rising temperatures reconfigure host–parasitoid interactions, with outcomes that are system-dependent. Common disruptions include reduced parasitism success due to narrower parasitoid thermal tolerance, phenological mismatches that desynchronize life cycles, and altered overwintering activity. As these shifts can undermine both natural and artificial biological control, elevating pest outbreak risks and threatening agroecosystem stability, we discuss how mitigating them may require adapting current biocontrol strategies. HIGHLIGHTS • Parasitoids often exhibit narrower thermal windows than their hosts. • Warming differentially alters host and parasitoid development and longevity, increasing chances of phenological mismatch. • Climate change may reduce overwintering survival in parasitoids and their ability to regulate host populations. • Warming may reduce parasitism success, impacting both artificial and natural biocontrol.en© 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Current Opinion in Insect Science. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. A definitive version was subsequently published in Current Opinion in Insect Science, vol. 75, art. 101493, pp. 1-8, 2026, doi : 10.1016/j.cois.2026.101493.Climate changeHost-parasitoid interactionsIntegrated pest managementPostprint Article