Doherty, TanyaClow, SheilaWibbelink, MargreetYazbek, MariathaDowne, Soo2025-11-202025-11-202025-06Doherty, T., Clow, S., Wibbelink, M. et al. 2025, 'Midwifery models of care in the context of increasing caesarean delivery rates', Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 103, no. 6, pp. 410-412. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.24.293035.0042-9686 (print)1564-0604 9online)10.2471/BLT.24.293035http://hdl.handle.net/2263/105384Clinicians and researchers have used the concepts of too little too late, and too much too soon for almost a decade to describe disparities in access to and levels of use of clinical procedures in maternity care worldwide.1 The case of caesarean delivery is the most widely debated of these procedures. In many countries, rates are below safe levels in particular geographies or population groups, indicating that mothers and babies may be experiencing adverse outcomes due to a lack of access to the operation. On the other hand, the World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that, while low caesarean delivery rates indicate poor coverage of essential maternity care, no public health benefit exists when the rate exceeds 10–15% at a population level.en© 2025 The authors; licensee World Health Organization. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution IGO License.World Health Organization (WHO)MaternityCaesareanCareArticle