Adebayo, Salmon A.Steel, Helen CarolynShai, Leshweni J.Eloff, Jacobus Nicolaas2018-07-202018-07-202017Adebayo, S.A., Steel, H.C., Shai, L.J. & Eloff, J.N. 2017, 'Investigation of the mechanism of anti-inflammatory action and cytotoxicity of a semipurified fraction and isolated compounds from the leaf of Peltophorum africanum (Fabaceae)', Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 840-845.2156-5872 (print)2156-5899 (online)10.1177/2156587217717417http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65814Peltophorum africanum extracts have been shown to possess many important medicinal benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. However, the mechanism of action is poorly understood. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory action was determined by measuring the synthesis of cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in vitro. Compound 1 (CP1), compound 2 (CP2), and fraction F3.3.0 (F3.3.0) significantly reduced the synthesis of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) from RAW 264.7 cells (1.18, 1.32, and 0.92 ng/mL), respectively. Similarly, CP1, CP2, and F3.3.0 inhibited the production of IL-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by RAW 264.7 cells (0.41, 0.60, 0.74 and 0.11, 0.27, 0.24 ng/mL, respectively. In addition, CP1 and CP2 had lower cytotoxicity toward RAW 264.7 cells, with CP2 indicating the lowest cytotoxicity (LD50 = 207.88 µg/mL). The mechanism of action was found to be via the inhibition of pro-inflammation cytokines (IL-1 β and TNF-α). This observation may support the use of P africanum to treat pain-related conditions.en© The Adebayo et al.: 2018. Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License.IL-2RAW 264.7Peltophorum africanumCytokinesLipopolysaccharide (LPS)Anti-inflammatory actionCytotoxicityIL-1βTNF-αArticle