Louwagie, Goedele M.C.Ayo-Yusuf, Olalekan Abdulwahab2015-06-232015-06-232015-06Louwagie, GMC & Ayo-Yusuf, OA 2015, 'Predictors of tobacco smoking abstinence among tuberculosis patients in South Africa', Journal of Behavioral Medicine, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 472-482.0160-7715 (print)1573-3521 (online)10.1007/s10865-015-9620-yhttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/45675This study examines predictors of smoking cessation in tuberculosis patients with high HIV co-infection rates in a South African primary care setting. Current smokers were randomly allocated to brief motivational interviewing (n = 205) or receipt of a brief message (n = 204). Multi-level logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of sustained 3- and 6-month abstinence and 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) at 1 month, with the facility as a random effect. The intervention was ineffective among smokers with high nicotine-dependence at 1 month, but was effective for all smokers over longer periods. Higher baseline self-efficacy predicted the 1-month 7-day PPA, but not sustained abstinence. HIV-positive participants' odds of sustained abstinence were about three times higher than those of their HIV-negative counterparts. Results support a more intensive motivational intervention and/or coping skills' training to increase self-efficacy and abstinence rates. Tobacco cessation services can be introduced in tuberculosis services where high HIV co-infection rates occur.en© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015. The original publication is available at : http://link.springer.com/journal/10865Smoking cessationQuittingSmoking abstinenceTuberculosis (TB)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Postprint Article