Laubscher, Liesel L.Koeppel, Katja NatalieCampbell, RobertChabangu, SarahKemp, Lucy V.2022-01-202022Laubscher, L.L., Koeppel, K., Campbell, R. et al. 2022, 'Complication with re-sedation in southern Ground-hornbills (Bucorvus leadbeateri) following partial reversal of two orally administered sedation protocols', Veterinary Record Case Reports, art. e250, doi : 10.1002/vrc2.250. NYP.2052-6121 (online)10.1002/vrc2.250http://hdl.handle.net/2263/83406The combination of midazolam, medetomidine and azaperone (MMA) was compared with the combination of butorphanol, azaperone and medetomidine (BAM) for the sedation of southern Ground-hornbills when administered orally in a bait. The BAM combination (30 mg butorphanol, 12 mg azaperone and 12 mg medetomidine per ml of solution) at a dose of 0.14 ml/kg was the only combination that did not result in re-sedation after reversal. However, induction of sedation was long, and sedation was only deep enough for capture, handling, and minor, non-invasive procedures. The MMA combination and higher doses of the BAM combination resulted in quicker inductions although individuals showed mild to severe signs of re-sedation, starting at 4 hours after reversal and continuing for as long as 17 hours after reversal. Care should therefore be taken when administering these combinations orally to southern Ground-hornbills as it appears that absorption, metabolism and excretion are unpredictable in this species.en© 2021 British Veterinary Association. This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article : 'Complication with re-sedation in southern Ground-hornbills (Bucorvus leadbeateri) following partial reversal of two orally administered sedation protocols', Veterinary Record Case Reports, art. e250, 2022, doi : 10.1002/vrc2.250. The definite version is available at : https://bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/20526121.Ground-hornbill (Bucorvus leadbeateri)Butorphanol, azaperone and medetomidine (BAM)Midazolam, medetomidine and azaperone (MMA)SedationPostprint Article