Bakkes, D.K. (Deon)Mansell, Mervyn W.Sole, Catherine L.2018-02-092018-01Bakkes, D.K., Mansell, M.W. and Sole, C.L. (2018), Phylogeny and historical biogeography of silky lacewings (Neuroptera: Psychopsidae). Systematic Entomology, 43: 43–55. doi:10.1111/syen.12247.0307-6970 (print)1365-3113 (online)10.1111/syen.12247http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63910Psychopsidae (silky winged lacewings) are a small family of Neuroptera characterized by broad hirsute wings that impart a physical resemblance to moths. The fossil record includes many psychopsid-like taxa from the Late Triassic to Early Oligocene from all major continents. Extant species have a disjunct, tripartite distribution comprising Afrotropical, Southeast Asian and Australian regions that is significant to historical biogeography. Two subfamilies are currently recognized: Zygophlebiinae in the Afrotropics, and Psychopsinae in Australia and Southeast Asia. This study explores phylogeny and historical biogeography of Psychopsidae, using data from biogeography, comparative morphology and molecular sequences (16S, 18S, CAD, COI). Our results show that: (i) the morphological phylogeny is incongruent with molecular data; (ii) Afrotropical Silveira Navás represent a separate lineage that warrants placement in its own subfamily; (iii) the family originated in Pangea; and (iv) the present genus level distribution resulted from two vicariance events associated with Gondwanan fragmentation.en© 2017 The Royal Entomological Society. This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article : Phylogeny and historical biogeography of silky lacewings (Neuroptera: Psychopsidae). Systematic Entomology, 43: 43–55, 2018, doi : 10.1111/syen.12247. The definite version is available at : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.comjournal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-3113.IndiaPlateEvolutionaryInsectaSouthern AfricaSilky winged lacewingsPsychopsidaeNeuropteraMolecular systematicsGene treesSpecies treesAlignmentSequencingPostprint Article