Botha, C.J. (Christoffel Jacobus)Venter, ElnaUniversity of Pretoria. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences. Section Pharmacology and Toxicology2008-12-222008-12-222002Botha, CJ & Venter, E 2002, 'Plants poisonous to livestock Southern Africa (CD-ROM)' University of Pretoria, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pretoria, South Africa.http://hdl.handle.net/2263/8534Colour photos. Final web-ready size: JPEG. Photo 1: 14.4 kb, 96 ppi; Photo 2: 103 kb, 96 ppi; Photo 3: 17.7 kb, 96 ppi; Photo 4: 7.2 kb, 72 ppi. Original TIFF file housed at the Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pretoria.DISTRIBUTION: Grows in the south-western Cape near the coast, preferably in sandy soils. Important species in coastal Rhenosterveld. Broad strip approximately 100km wide along southern Cape coast.BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION: General: A perennial, aromatic shrub + 1,3 m high. Not very palatable. Leaves: The grey-green to bright green alternate leaves are up to 40 mm long, ending in three to five “fingers”. Flowers: Bright yellow, composite. November - March.TOXIC PRINCIPLE: Unknown hepatoxin. Not very toxic.SYNDROMES: Hepatogenous photosensitivity primarily due to liver parenchymal damage.SYSTEMS AFFECTED: Liver.CLINICAL SIGNS: • Unpalatable weed. • Only occasionally grazed by sheep if forced to do so. • Usually small number of sheep affected. • Clinical signs noticed in sheep that grazed on veld heavily infested with Athanasia trifurcata were: - Apathy, - anorexia, - ruminal stasis, - icterus and - photosensitivityNECROPSY: • Very similar to Lasiospermum bipinnatum and Athanasia minuta poisoning. • Liver swollen, yellow, distinct lobulation. • Oedema of gall bladder.©University of Pretoria. Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology (Original and digital). Provided for educational purposes only. It may not be downloaded, reproduced or distributed in any format without written permission of the original copyright holder. Any attempt to circumvent the access controls placed on this file is a violation of copyright laws and is subject to criminal prosecution. Please contact the collection administrator for copyright issues.Plant poisoningToxicologyPlant poisoning in animalsPoisonous plantsPhotosensitivityLiverHepatogenousHepatotoxinPoisonous plants -- Toxicology -- Africa, SouthernVeterinary toxicologyStill Image