Dzoyem, Jean PaulNkuete, Antoine H.L.Ngameni, BarthelemyEloff, Jacobus Nicolaas2015-07-012015-07-012017-10Dzoyem, J.P., Nkuete, A.H.L., Ngameni, B. et al. Anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase activity of six flavonoids isolated from Polygonum and Dorstenia species. Archives of Pharmacal Research. (2017) 40: 1129-1134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-015-0612-9.0253-6269 (print)1976-3786 (online)10.1007/s12272-015-0612-9http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45827This study was aimed at investigating the anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase activity of six naturally occurring flavonoids: (-) pinostrobin (1), 2’,4’-dihydroxy-3’,6’-dimethoxychalcone (2), 6-8-diprenyleriodictyol (3), isobavachalcone (4), 4-hydroxylonchocarpin (5) and 6- prenylapigenin (6). These compounds were isolated from Dorstenia and Polygonum species used traditionally to treat pain. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by using the Griess assay and the 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity was determined with the ferrous oxidationxylenol orange assay. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition was determined by the Ellman’s method. At the lowest concentration tested (3.12 μg/mL), compounds 2, 3 and 4 had significant NO inhibitory activity with 90.71%, 84.65 and 79.57% inhibition respectively compared to the positive control quercetin (67.93%). At this concentration there was no significant cytotoxicity against macrophages with 91.67%, 72.86 and 70.86% cell viability respectively, compared to 73.1% for quercetin. Compound 4 had the most potent lipoxygenase inhibitory activity (IC50 of 25.92 μg/mL). With the exception of (-) pinostrobin (1), all the flavonoids had selective anticholinesterase activity with IC50 values ranging between 5.93 and 8.76 μg/mL compared to the IC50 4.94 μg/mL of eserine the positive control. These results indicate that the studied flavonoids especially isobavachalcone are potential anti-inflammatory natural products that may have the potential to be developed as therapeutic agents against inflammatory conditions and even Alzheimer’s disease.en© The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2015. The original publication is available at : http://link.springer.com/journal/12272Flavonoids15-LipoxygenaseNitric oxide production inhibitionAnticholinesterasePostprint Article