Significance of improved railway networks in integrating the Southern African development community (SADC) economies

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine how improved railway infrastructure can strengthen regional economic integration within the Southern African Development Community. It assesses whether efficient, reliable, and well-connected rail systems can stimulate trade, lower transport and logistics costs, and facilitate smoother cross-border movement. The study also investigates whether modernised rail networks can enhance economic cooperation, improve supply chain efficiency, and promote long-term development by linking key economic corridors across Southern African Development Community member states. A qualitative research methodology within the functionalist paradigm was adopted aimed at understanding the reasons behind the underutilization of regional railway networks and at formulating viable solutions. A semi-structured interview guide was used and the results obtained from the thematic analysis were used to address the research questions and objectives. The findings demonstrate that the Southern African Development Community possesses a wide geographic spread of railway networks, yet these systems remain structurally weak, technologically outdated, and significantly underutilized. A major limitation was the inability to conduct fieldwork across multiple SADC corridors. It was impossible to carry out the planned site visits to corridors such as North–South, Nacala, and Maputo due to unforeseen contingencies. However, information supplied by the participants was adequate enough to complete the study.