A large seroprevalence survey of brucellosis in cattle herds under diverse production systems in northern Nigeria

dc.contributor.authorMai, H.M. (Hassan Mohammed)
dc.contributor.authorIrons, Pete Charles
dc.contributor.authorKabir, Junaidu
dc.contributor.authorThompson, P.N. (Peter N.)
dc.date.accessioned2013-01-23T09:10:17Z
dc.date.available2013-01-23T09:10:17Z
dc.date.issued2012-08-25
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: This study was carried out to investigate the status of brucellosis in cattle under various management systems in Adamawa, Kaduna and Kano states, northern Nigeria. Using multi-stage sampling, serum samples of 4,745 cattle from 271 herds were tested using the Rose-Bengal plate-agglutination test (RBPT) and positives were confirmed using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). RESULTS: Prevalence estimates were calculated by adjusting for sampling weights and where possible for test sensitivity and specificity. Thirty-seven percent of all animals were RBPT positive, and after confirmation with c-ELISA the overall animal-level prevalence, adjusted for sampling weights, was 26.3% (95% CI, 22.1%-31.0%). Of the herds sampled, 210 (77.5%; 95% CI, 68.6%-84.5%) had at least one animal positive to both tests; this did not differ significantly between states (P = 0.538). Mean within-herd seroprevalence in positive herds was 30.2% (95% CI, 25.3%-35.1%) and ranged from 3.1% to 85.7%. Overall animal-level seroprevalences of 29.2% (95% CI, 22.5%-36.9%) n = 1,827, 23.3% (95% CI, 18.9%-28.3%) n = 1,870 and 26.7% (95% CI, 18.8%-36.7%) n = 1,048 were observed in Adamawa, Kaduna and Kano states, respectively (P = 0.496). A significantly higher seroprevalence was found in males (38.2%; 95% CI, 31.7%-45.2%) than in females (24.7%; 95% CI, 20.4%-29.5%) (P < 0.001) and in non-pregnant females (27.8%; 95% CI, 22.9%-33.5%) than in pregnant females (17.2%; 95% CI, 13.6%-21.5%) (P < 0.001). Seroprevalence increased with increasing age (P < 0.001), from 13.5% (95% CI, 8.9%-19.9%) in cattle <4 years to 35.0% (95% CI, 28.5%-42.3%) in cattle >7 years. Seroprevalence also varied between management systems (P < 0.001): pastoral systems 45.1% (95% CI, 38.6%-51.9%), zero-grazing systems 23.8% (95% CI, 6.8%-59.2%), agro-pastoral systems 22.0% (95% CI, 17.3%-27.8%), and commercial farms 15.9% (95% CI, 9.5%-25.5%). Seroprevalence did not differ significantly between breeds or lactation status. CONCLUSION: This is the first large study to assess the prevalence of bovine brucellosis over a wide geographic area of northern Nigeria, in a variety of management systems and using accurate tests. The seroprevalence of brucellosis was high, and higher than results of previous studies in northern Nigeria. The pastoral management systems of the traditional Fulanis may be encouraging the dissemination of the disease. Public enlightenment of the farmers about the disease, vaccination and appropriate national control measures are recommended.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThe Department of Production Animal Studies and Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria for partly funding the project, and Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria for paying salary of the principal author during the study.en
dc.description.urihttp://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/8/144en
dc.identifier.citationMai et al.: A large seroprevalence survey of brucellosis in cattle herds under diverse production systems in northern Nigeria. BMC Veterinary Research 2012 8:144.en
dc.identifier.issn1746-6148
dc.identifier.other10.1186/1746-6148-8-144
dc.identifier.other6603165622
dc.identifier.other7403220452
dc.identifier.otherO-6401-2014
dc.identifier.otherJ-2534-2013
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/20888
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen
dc.relation.requiresAdobe Acrobat Readeren
dc.rights© 2012 Mai et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licenseen
dc.subjectc-ELISAen
dc.subjectManagement systemen
dc.subjectNorthern Nigeriaen
dc.subjectRBPTen
dc.subjectSeroprevalenceen
dc.subject.lcshCattle -- Diseasesen
dc.subject.lcshBrucellosis in cattle -- Nigeriaen
dc.subject.lcshCattle -- Infectionsen
dc.titleA large seroprevalence survey of brucellosis in cattle herds under diverse production systems in northern Nigeriaen
dc.typeArticleen

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