Aspergillus clavatus

dc.contributor.authorBotha, C.J. (Christoffel Jacobus)
dc.contributor.authorVenter, Elna
dc.contributor.emailchristo.botha@up.ac.zaen
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Pretoria. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences. Section Pharmacology and Toxicology
dc.coverage.spatialAfricaen
dc.coverage.spatialSouth Africaen
dc.date.accessioned2008-12-22T08:16:07Z
dc.date.available2008-12-22T08:16:07Z
dc.date.issued2002
dc.descriptionColour photos. Final web-ready size: JPEG. Photo 1: 28.4 kb, 72 ppi; Photo 2: 24.8 kb, 72 ppi; Photo 3: 105 kb, 96 ppi; Photo 4: 9.7 kb, 72 ppi. Original TIFF file housed at the Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pretoria.en
dc.description.abstractDISTRIBUTION: • This distinctive species is a common soil fungus with widespread distribution in soils in warmer climates • It also is quite widely distributed in some kinds of foods, especially cereals.en
dc.description.abstractBOTANICAL DESCRIPTION: This distinctive species is a common soil fungus with widespread distribution in soils in warmer climates. It also is quite widely distributed in some kinds of foods, especially cereals. This species is not considered common to indoor environments, however, it has been frequently associated with the brewing industry. This fungus should be considered allergenic.en
dc.description.abstractTOXIC PRINCIPLE: Unknown neurotoxins. • Aspergillus clavatus -intoxication is a highly fatal, tremorgenic mycotoxicoses of cattle resulting in irreversible neuronal damage. • In SA it is caused by the ingestion of mould-infected sorghum beer residue (maroek) or infected sprouting grain. Mechanism of action: Theory: Primarily a neurotoxin destroying neurones and leading to secondary muscular degeneration and damage due to neuronal onduction disturbances.en
dc.description.abstractSYNDROME: Maroek poisoning.en
dc.description.abstractSYSTEMS AFFECTED: Central nervous system.en
dc.description.abstractCLINICAL SYMPTOMS: Severity and progression depends on dose and neurones affected. CNS: 1. Hypersensitivity 2. Severe muscular tremors - start in flanks and spread to whole body 3. Ataxia: • stiff-legged gait, • short steps, • splay-legged stance, • hocks bent, • forelimbs and neck extended, • knuckling over, • staggering. 4. Paresis/paralysis - trembling until death GIT: 1.Salivation 2.Constipation 3.Cannot eat or drink.en
dc.description.abstractNECROPSY: Macroscopical findings: • Rapid rigor mortis• Most obvious lesions in musculature: - degeneration and necrotic changes in whole muscles or focal areas - insertions or origins - grey white appearance • Petechial haemorrhages • Severe myocardial degeneration often seen. • Constipationen
dc.description.abstractHISTOPATHOLOGY: • Degeneration and necrosis of larger neurones (nuclei destroyed) - Motor cells of ventral horns of spinal cord - Larger neurones of nuclei of medulla oblongata, midbrain, thalamus • Hyaline degeneration and necrosis of skeletal muscles • Myocardial damage.en
dc.description.abstractTREATMENT: • No treatment • Prognosis very poor.en
dc.description.urihttp://www.library.up.ac.za/vet/poisonen
dc.identifier.citationBotha, CJ & Venter, E 2002, 'Plants poisonous to livestock Southern Africa (CD-ROM)' University of Pretoria, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pretoria, South Africa.en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/8513
dc.rights©University of Pretoria. Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology (Original and digital). Provided for educational purposes only. It may not be downloaded, reproduced or distributed in any format without written permission of the original copyright holder. Any attempt to circumvent the access controls placed on this file is a violation of copyright laws and is subject to criminal prosecution. Please contact the collection administrator for copyright issues.en
dc.sourceOriginal format: University of Pretoria, Faculty of Veterinary Science.en
dc.subjectPlant poisoningen
dc.subjectToxicologyen
dc.subjectPlant poisoning in animalsen
dc.subjectPoisonous plantsen
dc.subjectMaroek poisoningen
dc.subjectMycotoxicosisen
dc.subjectMaroekaf
dc.subjectNeurotoxinen
dc.subject.lcshPoisonous plants -- Toxicology -- Africa, Southernen
dc.subject.lcshVeterinary toxicologyen
dc.titleAspergillus clavatusen
dc.title.alternativeWheat fungusen
dc.title.alternativeGraanfungusaf
dc.typeStill Imageen

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