DDT and urogenital malformations in newborn boys in a malarial area

dc.contributor.authorBornman, Maria S. (Riana)
dc.contributor.authorDe Jager, Christiaan
dc.contributor.authorWorku, Zeleke
dc.contributor.authorFarias, Paulina
dc.contributor.authorReif, Simon
dc.contributor.emailmborman@medic.up.ac.zaen_US
dc.date.accessioned2011-03-14T10:03:01Z
dc.date.available2011-03-14T10:03:01Z
dc.date.issued2010-08
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of external urogenital birth defects (UGBDs) in newborn boys from a malarial area currently sprayed with technical DDT, 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2- bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT), as increased fetal oestrogenic or anti-androgenic exposure might be involved in the pathogenesis of increased prevalence of human male reproductive tract anomalies, and DDT and metabolites interact with both these receptors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We examined 3310 newborn baby boys and recorded external UGBDs. RESULTS: Of the newborn boys 10.8% (357) had UGBDs; a multivariate logistic model showed that mothers who lived in villages sprayed with DDT between 1995 and 2003 had a significantly greater chance (33%) of having a baby with a UGBD than mothers whose homes were not sprayed (odds ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.72). Being a homemaker instead of being employed further significantly increased the risk of having a baby with a UGBD by 41% (odds ratio 1.41, 1.13–1.77). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal exposure to DDT by living in a DDTsprayed village was associated to having male offspring with one or more UGBDs. Monitoring the impact of indoor residual spraying on human and environmental health is imperative if DDT is being used, especially as climate change raises concerns about the global spread of malaria. Integrating adequate indoor residual spraying measures by malarial vector control programmes, and increased public awareness to limit personal exposure, are crucial components that need to be addressed.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipWe received support from the Medical Research Council and the Urological Association Society of Southern Africa.en_US
dc.identifier.citationBorman, R, De Jager, C, Worku, Z, Farias, P & Reif, S 2010, 'DDT and urogenital malformations in newborn boys in a malarial area', BJU International, vol. 106, no. 3, pp. 405-411. [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1464-410X/issues]en_US
dc.identifier.issn1464-4096
dc.identifier.issn1464-410X (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1111/j.1464-410x.2009.09003.x
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/16061
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWiley-Blackwellen_US
dc.rights© 2009 The Authors Journal Compilation © BJU INTERNATIONAL. The definite version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/. This article is embargoed by the publisher until September 2011.en_US
dc.subjectEpidemiologyen_US
dc.subjectIndoor residual sprayingen_US
dc.subjectMalariaen_US
dc.subjectNewbornsen_US
dc.subjectTesticular dysgenesis syndromeen_US
dc.subjectDDTen_US
dc.titleDDT and urogenital malformations in newborn boys in a malarial areaen_US
dc.typePostprint Articleen_US

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