Larvicidal activity of leaf extracts and seselin from Clausena anisata (Rutaceae) against Aedes aegypti

dc.contributor.authorMukandiwa, Lillian
dc.contributor.authorEloff, Jacobus Nicolaas
dc.contributor.authorNaidoo, Vinny
dc.contributor.emaillilian.mukandiwa@up.ac.zaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-10-30T07:38:04Z
dc.date.issued2015-09
dc.description.abstractThe Aedes aegypti mosquito is a vector of various diseases in both humans and livestock.Mosquito control focuses on reducing the longevity as well as the population of mosquitoes to lessen their damage on human and animal health. It entails several strategies such as environmental management, insecticide treatments, and molecular entomological approaches. Environmental management centres on elimination of breeding sites, however mosquitoes can breed in sites that cannot be eliminated. Resultantly, focus is turned onto mosquito larvae control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of extracts and compounds from Clausena anisata against A. aegypti. The World Health Organization guidelines for testing of mosquito larvicides were used. The acetone, dichloromethane and hexane crude leaf extracts were evaluated in a preliminary screening for larvicidal activity at the concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 ppm. Batches of 25 third-instar larvae were transferred into cups each containing test solutions and larval mortality was recorded 24 h and 48 h after exposure. Acetone was used as the solvent control whilst permethrin was used as a positive control. Only the n-hexane extract caused mortality at the tested concentrations, thus it was further tested at 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 ppm and had LC50 values of 68.30 and 59.65 ppm after 24 h and 48 h respectively. A stored hexane extract, of 2months,was also evaluated under simulated field conditions to establish stability of extract. It caused about 90% mortality when tested at 100 ppm. The n-hexane extract was subjected to open column chromatography on silica gel to isolate the active compound. The isolated compound was identified as the pyranocoumarin, seselin. Dose dependentmortality was observed in the larvae exposed to seselin. The LC50 values at 24 and 48 h were 13.90 and 9.96 ppmrespectively. Results obtained from this study indicate a potential of the incorporation of C. anisata extracts into the control of mosquito populations.en_ZA
dc.description.embargo2016-09-30
dc.description.librarianhb2015en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversity of Pretoria (UP Postdoctoral Fellowship Fund) and the National Research Foundation (Grant number: Eloff 95991).en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.elsevier.com/locate/sajben_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMukandiwa, L, Eloff, JN & Naidoo, V 2015, 'Larvicidal activity of leaf extracts and seselin from Clausena anisata (Rutaceae) against Aedes aegypti', South African Journal of Botany, vol. 100, pp. 169-173.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn0254-6299 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1727-9321 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.sajb.2015.05.016
dc.identifier.otherA-1508-2008
dc.identifier.other8621439700
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/50278
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherElsevieren_ZA
dc.rights© 2015 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in South African Journal of Botany. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in South African Journal of Botany, vol. 100, pp. 169-173, 2015. doi : 10.1016/j.sajb.2015.05.016.en_ZA
dc.subjectMosquito controlen_ZA
dc.subjectBiopesticidesen_ZA
dc.subjectNatural productsen_ZA
dc.titleLarvicidal activity of leaf extracts and seselin from Clausena anisata (Rutaceae) against Aedes aegyptien_ZA
dc.typePostprint Articleen_ZA

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