Quangos and chapter 9 institutions in the governance of the state : leadership issues and reforms in developing and emerging nations

Abstract

This article examines the importance of Quangos and Chapter 9 Institutions in the governance of the state. It explores the leadership dilemmas and progress made by many African countries since independence of individual nation states. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 has established six independent state institutions, which contribute to supporting constitutional democracy. These six institutions are namely; the Public Protector, the South African Human Rights Commission (HRC), the Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities (the CRL Commission), the Commission for Gender Equality (CGE), the Auditor-General and the Electoral Commission. This article will discuss the intricacies of the term ‘quango’, as there are varied definitions of the concept, which can ultimately impact the application of the term. An international perspective will be viewed to emphasis the myriad of organisations and bodies that may fall under the common heading of quango. Also, a historical overview of quangos will be provided. In addition, an analysis of the issues of accountability and autonomy surrounding the existence of such public bodies will be provided. In-depth synopsis of the relationship quangos have in relation to chapter 9 Institutions and State-Owned Enterprises in South Africa will be explored. One common misconception is the idea that quangos are new phenomena; the use of such bodies is hardly new.