Population genetic analyses of Phytophthora cinnamomi reveals three lineages and movement between natural vegetation and avocado orchards in South Africa

dc.contributor.authorEngelbrecht, Juanita
dc.contributor.authorDuong, Tuan A.
dc.contributor.authorPaap, Trudy
dc.contributor.authorHubert, Joseph M.
dc.contributor.authorHanneman, Juanita Joyce
dc.contributor.authorVan den Berg, Noelani
dc.contributor.emailjuanita.engelbrecht@fabi.up.ac.zaen_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-21T06:09:47Z
dc.date.available2023-07-21T06:09:47Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractPhytophthora cinnamomi is the causal agent of root rot, canker, and dieback of thousands of plant species around the globe. This oomycete not only causes severe economic losses to forestry and agricultural industries, but also threatens the health of various plants in natural ecosystems. In this study, 380 isolates of P. cinnamomi from four avocado production areas and two regions of natural vegetation in South Africa were investigated using 15 microsatellite markers. These populations were found to have a low level of genetic diversity and consisted of isolates from three lineages. Shared genotypes were detected between isolates from avocado orchards and natural vegetation, indicating the movement of isolates between these areas. The population from the Western Cape natural vegetation had the highest level of genotypic diversity and number of unique alleles, indicating this could be the point of introduction of P. cinnamomi to South Africa. Index of association analysis suggested that five of six populations were under linkage disequilibrium, suggesting a clonal mode of reproduction, whereas genotypes sampled from a recently established avocado orchard in the Western Cape were derived from a randomly recombining population. This study provided novel insights on the genetic diversity and spread of P. cinnamomi in South Africa. It also reported on the predominance of triploidy in natural occurring populations and provided evidence for recombination of P. cinnamomi for the first time. The presence of two dominant genotypes in all avocado production areas in South Africa highlight the importance of considering them in disease management and resistance breeding programs.en_US
dc.description.departmentBiochemistryen_US
dc.description.departmentForestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI)en_US
dc.description.departmentGeneticsen_US
dc.description.departmentMicrobiology and Plant Pathologyen_US
dc.description.librarianhj2023en_US
dc.description.urihttps://apsjournals.apsnet.org/journal/phytoen_US
dc.identifier.citationEngelbrecht, J., Duong, T.A., Paap, T. et al. 2022, 'Population genetic analyses of Phytophthora cinnamomi reveals three lineages and movement between natural vegetation and avocado orchards in South Africa', Phytopathology, vol. 112, no. 7, pp. 1568-1574, doi : 10.1094/PHYTO-10-21-0414-R.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0031-949X (print)
dc.identifier.issn1943-7684 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1094/PHYTO-10-21-0414-R
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/91568
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAmerican Phytopathological Societyen_US
dc.rights© 2022 The American Phytopathological Societyen_US
dc.subjectOomycetesen_US
dc.subjectPhytophthora cinnamomien_US
dc.subjectPopulation biologyen_US
dc.subjectRoot roten_US
dc.subjectSDG-15: Life on landen_US
dc.subjectCanker diseaseen_US
dc.subjectDiebacken_US
dc.subjectNatural vegetationen_US
dc.subjectAvocado (Persea americana)en_US
dc.subjectAvocado orchardsen_US
dc.subjectSouth Africa (SA)en_US
dc.titlePopulation genetic analyses of Phytophthora cinnamomi reveals three lineages and movement between natural vegetation and avocado orchards in South Africaen_US
dc.typePostprint Articleen_US

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