A critical analysis of the functional outcome of persons with a spinal cord injury after ‘stem cell’ therapy

Abstract

A spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in severe dysfunction and disability. Stem cell therapy is seen as a potential means of promoting healing and improving function in persons with spinal cord injuries. Methods and Subjects: Persons with SCI in South Africa who had received stem cell therapy outside of registered clinical trials were identified. Data was collected on the nature of the injury, its treatment and cost. The Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) III was used as a measure of the recipients’ functional status. Results: Comparisons were drawn between the impairment and functional ability pre- and post-stem cell treatment and the expected outcome level for the specific lesion. Stem cell sources were autologous, allogeneic or xenogeneic. Costs ranged from 0 to 700 000 South African Rands. Following the stem cell therapy there was no significant improvement in SCIM III or ASIA scores. Conclusion: No evidence exists that current ‘stem cell’ therapies administered outside of registered clinical trials for persons with SCI are beneficial. Education of both patients and health professionals is required for ensuring that correct information is transmitted and for avoiding unrealistic expectations, bogus therapies and potential adverse effects. Ethical research is to be encouraged in the field of SCI.