Biological activities of Heteropyxis natalensis against micro-organisms involved in oral infections

dc.contributor.authorHenley-Smith, Cynthia Joan
dc.contributor.authorBotha, Francien Susanna
dc.contributor.authorHussein, Ahmed A.
dc.contributor.authorNkomo, Mpumelelo
dc.contributor.authorMeyer, Debra
dc.contributor.authorLall, Namrita
dc.contributor.emailnamrita.lall@up.ac.zaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2018-06-05T07:20:32Z
dc.date.available2018-06-05T07:20:32Z
dc.date.issued2018-04-10
dc.description.abstractThe use of complementary and alternative medicine from plants in South Africa, as in the rest of the world, continues to increase. Heteropyxis natalensis, known as the Lavender tree, is indigenous to South Africa and is traditionally used for oral care. The ethanolic extract, of the leaves and twigs, of H. natalensis was investigated for antimicrobial activity against selected oral microorganisms. Actinomyces israelii was found to be the most sensitive oral microorganism to the extract, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.88 mg/ml and an MIC of 2.6 mg/ml against Streptococcus mutans. Five known compounds were identified from the ethanolic extract of H. natalensis. The compounds were identified as aurentiacin A (1), cardamomin (2), 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-methylflavanone (3), quercetin (4) and 3,5,7-trihydroxyflavan (5). The MICs of the compounds 1 and 4 were found to be 0.06 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml, respectively, against A. israelii. The cytotoxicity, acute and sub-acute toxicity in pre-clinical studies were also determined for H. natalensis. The extract showed moderate cytotoxicity (35.56 0.16 mg/ml) on human monocyte cells. The acute and sub-acute toxicity analysis of H. natalensis indicated the NOEL (noobserved- effect level) at 200 mg/kg. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemokine that stimulates the recruitment of leukocytes. A significant reduction of IL-8 production by macrophage cells was observed when exposed to the extract of H. natalensis. It is possible that H. natalensis can prevent excessive tissue damage in periodontal diseases through its reduction of inflammation. Enzymatic bioanalysis of lactic and acetic acid production from Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus paracasei was done. A reduction in the acid production from each bacterium was observed on exposure to the extract of H. natalensis. Consequently, this increased the pH, which could possibly reduce the demineralization of enamel which may help prevent the formation of dental caries. In addition the extract may be considered for preventing periodontal diseases.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentParaclinical Sciencesen_ZA
dc.description.departmentPlant Production and Soil Scienceen_ZA
dc.description.librarianam2018en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThe National Research Foundation (Grant 90355), NRF innovation doctoral scholarship as well as the Gen Foundation Grant (from National Trust, United Kingdom).en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.frontiersin.org/Pharmacologyen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationHenley-Smith CJ, Botha FS, Hussein AA, Nkomo M, Meyer D and Lall N (2018) Biological Activities of Heteropyxis natalensis Against Micro-Organisms Involved in Oral Infections. Front. Pharmacol. 9:291. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00291.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1663-9812 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.3389/fphar.2018.00291
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/65090
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediaen_ZA
dc.rights© 2018 Henley-Smith, Botha, Hussein, Nkomo, Meyer and Lall. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).en_ZA
dc.subjectHeteropyxis natalensisen_ZA
dc.subjectActinomyces israeliien_ZA
dc.subjectAntibacterialen_ZA
dc.subjectCompound isolationen_ZA
dc.subjectAnti-inflammatoryen_ZA
dc.subjectMonocyte chemoattractant protein-1en_ZA
dc.subjectInterleukin-8en_ZA
dc.subjectBacteriaen_ZA
dc.subjectExtractsen_ZA
dc.subjectCandida albicansen_ZA
dc.subjectMononuclear cellsen_ZA
dc.subjectAntifungal activityen_ZA
dc.subjectSouth African plantsen_ZA
dc.titleBiological activities of Heteropyxis natalensis against micro-organisms involved in oral infectionsen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

Files

Original bundle

Now showing 1 - 5 of 6
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
HenleySmith_Biological_2018.pdf
Size:
550.28 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Article
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
HenleySmith_BiologicalImage1_2018.tif
Size:
228.78 KB
Format:
Tag Image File Format
Description:
Image 1
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
HenleySmith_BiologicalImage2_2018.tif
Size:
226.19 KB
Format:
Tag Image File Format
Description:
Image 2
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
HenleySmith_BiologicalImage3_2018.tif
Size:
244.76 KB
Format:
Tag Image File Format
Description:
Image 3
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
HenleySmith_BiologicalImage4_2018.tif
Size:
313.14 KB
Format:
Tag Image File Format
Description:
Image 4

License bundle

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.75 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description: