The Meloidogyne graminicola effector Mg16820 is secreted in the apoplast and cytoplasm to suppress plant host defense responses

dc.contributor.authorNaalden, Diana
dc.contributor.authorHaegeman, Annelies
dc.contributor.authorDe Almeida-Engler, Janice
dc.contributor.authorBirhane Eshetu, Firehiwot
dc.contributor.authorBauters, Lander
dc.contributor.authorGheysen Godelieve
dc.date.accessioned2018-10-17T11:08:05Z
dc.date.issued2018-11
dc.description.abstractOn invasion of roots, plant‐parasitic nematodes secrete effectors to manipulate the cellular regulation of the host to promote parasitism. The root‐knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the most damaging nematodes of rice. Here, we identified a novel effector of this nematode, named Mg16820, expressed in the nematode subventral glands. We localized the Mg16820 effector in the apoplast during the migration phase of the second‐stage juvenile in rice roots. In addition, during early development of the feeding site, Mg16820 was localized in giant cells, where it accumulated in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Using transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, we demonstrated that Mg16820 directed to the apoplast was able to suppress flg22‐induced reactive oxygen species production. In addition, expression of Mg16820 in the cytoplasm resulted in the suppression of the R2/Avr2‐ and Mi‐1.2‐induced hypersensitive response. A potential target protein of Mg16820 identified with the yeast two‐hybrid system was the dehydration stress‐inducible protein 1 (DIP1). Bimolecular fluorescence complementation resulted in a strong signal in the nucleus. DIP1 has been described as an abscisic acid (ABA)‐responsive gene and ABA is involved in the biotic and abiotic stress response. Our results demonstrate that Mg16820 is able to act in two cellular compartments as an immune suppressor and targets a protein involved in the stress response, therefore indicating an important role for this effector in parasitism.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentForestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI)en_ZA
dc.description.departmentGeneticsen_ZA
dc.description.embargo2019-11-01
dc.description.librarianhj2018en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThe Research Foundation Flanders FWO for financial support (FWO grants G010712N and 1502312N) and the Special Research Fund of Ghent University for the BOF13/GOA/030 project. The authors would also like to thank Lien De Smet for technical support, Dr John Jones for hosting Dr Annelies Haegeman at the James Hutton Institute (Dundee, UK), and Dr Miles Armstrong for teaching the yeast two-hybrid protocol during that stay, funded by COST Action 872 (COST-STSM-872-6657). The visit to INRA to perform the immunolocalization was funded by COST Action SUSTAIN FA1208.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1364-3703en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationNaalden, D., Haegeman, A., De Almeida-Engler, J. et al. 2018, 'The Meloidogyne graminicola effector Mg16820 is secreted in the apoplast and cytoplasm to suppress plant host defense responses', Molecular Plant Pathology, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 2416-2430.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1464-6722 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1364-3703 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1111/mpp.12719
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/66925
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherWileyen_ZA
dc.rights© 2018 BSPP and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article : 'The Meloidogyne graminicola effector Mg16820 is secreted in the apoplast and cytoplasm to suppress plant host defense responses', Molecular Plant Pathology, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 2416-2430, 2018, doi : 10.1111/mpp.12719. The definite version is available at : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.comjournal/10.1111/(ISSN)1364-3703.en_ZA
dc.subjectDehydration stress‐inducible protein 1 (DIP1)en_ZA
dc.subjectRoot-knot nematodesen_ZA
dc.subjectReactive oxygen speciesen_ZA
dc.subjectParasitismen_ZA
dc.subjectOryza sativaen_ZA
dc.subjectNicotiana benthamianaen_ZA
dc.subjectEffector-triggered immunityen_ZA
dc.subjectPAMP-triggered immunity (PTI)en_ZA
dc.titleThe Meloidogyne graminicola effector Mg16820 is secreted in the apoplast and cytoplasm to suppress plant host defense responsesen_ZA
dc.typePostprint Articleen_ZA

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