Polyethylene flame retarded with expandable graphite and a novel intumescent additive

dc.contributor.authorFocke, Walter Wilhelm
dc.contributor.authorKruger, Hermanus Joachim
dc.contributor.authorMhike, Washington
dc.contributor.authorTaute, A.T. (Albertus)
dc.contributor.authorRoberson, Albert
dc.contributor.authorOfosu, Osei
dc.contributor.emailwalter.focke@up.ac.zaen_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-07-08T09:00:48Z
dc.date.issued2014-07
dc.description.abstractA novel intumescent additive was synthesized by neutralizing 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid hydrochloride salt with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. This compound, which melts at 257 °C, decomposes concurrently to release carbon dioxide gas. The flame retardant performance of this compound as a primary fire retardant and in combination with expandable graphite was evaluated by cone calorimetry. Cone calorimeter results revealed that addition of 10 wt.% expandable graphite alone lowers peak heat release rate of carbon black-pigmented polyethylene from 710 ± 109 kW m-2 to 342 ± 15 kW m-2, while addition of 27 wt.% of the novel intumescent lowered it to 400 ± 16 kW m-2. Combinations of these two additives were able to decrease the peak heat release rate even further. Furthermore, the novel intumescent additive reduced the flame out time from 773 ± 307 s to 537 ± 69 s although all other expandable graphite containing samples increased it.en_US
dc.description.embargo2015-07-31
dc.description.librarianhb2014en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipSouth African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology (DST) and the National Research Foundation (NRF)en_US
dc.description.urihttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628en_US
dc.identifier.citationFocke, WW, Kruger, HJ, Mhike, W, Taute, A, Roberson, A & Ofosu, O 2014, 'Polyethylene flame retarded with expandable graphite and a novel intumescent additive', Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 131, no. 13, art. 40493, pp. 1-8.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0021-8995 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1097-4628 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1002/app.40493
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/40627
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWiley-Blackwellen_US
dc.rights© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The definite version is available at : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628.en_US
dc.subjectPolyethylene flameen_US
dc.subjectExpandable graphiteen_US
dc.subjectNovel intumescent additiveen_US
dc.subjectFlame retardanceen_US
dc.subjectPolyolefinsen_US
dc.subjectCompositesen_US
dc.subjectGraphiteen_US
dc.titlePolyethylene flame retarded with expandable graphite and a novel intumescent additiveen_US
dc.typePreprint Articleen_US

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