Spatiotemporal patterns and risk factors for Newcastle disease virus among chickens in a Tanzania live bird market

dc.contributor.authorTsaxra, John B.
dc.contributor.authorGallardo, Rodrigo A.
dc.contributor.authorAbolnik, Celia
dc.contributor.authorChengula, Augustino A.
dc.contributor.authorMsoffe, Peter L.M.
dc.contributor.authorMuhairwa, Amandus P.
dc.contributor.authorPhiri, Thandeka Precious
dc.contributor.authorMushi, James R.
dc.contributor.authorChouicha, Nadira
dc.contributor.authorMollel, Esther L.
dc.contributor.authorZhou, Huaijun
dc.contributor.authorKelly, Terra R.
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-06T12:02:07Z
dc.date.available2024-08-06T12:02:07Z
dc.date.issued2024-03
dc.descriptionDATA AVAILABILITY : All data generated in this study are available upon request and uploaded in the USAID Development Data Library.en_US
dc.description.abstractVillage poultry plays a vital role in providing essential nutrition and income for rural communities in Africa. In this context, poultry are often traded through live bird markets (LBMs), which serve as central trading hubs where producers connect with traders and consumers, facilitating the flow of poultry products along the value chain. While they serve as important trading hubs, these markets create an environment where avian pathogens, like Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and avian influenza virus, can easily emerge and spread. Improving our understanding of the epidemiology of NDV in LBMs is important for assessing disease risks and identifying factors that contribute to its persistence. Local chickens at the Mawenzi LBM in Morogoro municipality were surveyed for NDV presence, its temporal and spatial distribution, and risk factors for NDV infection. Twenty-three percent of 659 local chickens sampled over a 1-year period were positive for NDV based on PCR. Increased odds of NDV infection were identified in chickens that had been in the market for 2 or more days prior to sampling and during the period extending from August through October. Four significant spatiotemporal clusters of NDV-positive chickens encompassing 13 villages were detected between August and October 2020, illustrating geographic hotspots of infection when NDV was most prevalent. Similar to the other LBMs, this market had enclosures with high densities of birds of mixed species, limited biosecurity, and the presence of birds with observable illness. Bird traders who source the chickens from the villages, described long transit times in mixed enclosures with limited sanitation practices and without consideration of sick birds or vaccination status prior to arriving at the LBM. This study highlights the need to invest in improvements to infrastructure and biosecurity for LBMs as well as training opportunities for increasing traders’ knowledge on hygiene and sanitation practices, animal welfare, and poultry biosecurity measures.en_US
dc.description.departmentProduction Animal Studiesen_US
dc.description.librarianhj2024en_US
dc.description.sdgSDG-01:No povertyen_US
dc.description.sdgSDG-02:Zero Hungeren_US
dc.description.sdgSDG-03:Good heatlh and well-beingen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipUnited States Agency for International Development; National Research Foundation; Department of Science and Innovation, South Africa.en_US
dc.description.urihttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/18651682en_US
dc.identifier.citationTsaxra, J.B., Gallardo, R.A., Abolnik, C. et al. 2024, 'Spatiotemporal patterns and risk factors for Newcastle disease virus among chickens in a Tanzania live bird market', Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, vol. 2024, art. 5597050, pp. 1-9, doi : 10.1155/2024/5597050.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1865-1674 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1865-1682 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1155/2024/5597050
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/97453
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.rights© 2024 John B. Tsaxra et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.en_US
dc.subjectVillage poultryen_US
dc.subjectLive bird markets (LBMs)en_US
dc.subjectAvian pathogensen_US
dc.subjectRural communitiesen_US
dc.subjectAfricaen_US
dc.subjectNewcastle disease virus (NDV)en_US
dc.subjectAvian influenza virus (AIV)en_US
dc.subjectTanzaniaen_US
dc.subjectSDG-03: Good health and well-beingen_US
dc.subjectSDG-02: Zero hungeren_US
dc.subjectSDG-01: No povertyen_US
dc.titleSpatiotemporal patterns and risk factors for Newcastle disease virus among chickens in a Tanzania live bird marketen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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