HLA diversity in Saudi population : high frequency of homozygous HLA alleles and haplotypes

dc.contributor.authorChentoufi, Aziz Alami
dc.contributor.authorUyar, F. Aytul
dc.contributor.authorChentouf, Hiba A.
dc.contributor.authorAlzahrani, Khalid
dc.contributor.authorPaz, Maria
dc.contributor.authorBahnassy, Ahmed
dc.contributor.authorElyamany, Ghaleb
dc.contributor.authorElghazaly, Assem
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-01T11:05:56Z
dc.date.available2022-11-01T11:05:56Z
dc.date.issued2022-06-09
dc.description.abstractHuman leukocyte antigens (HLA) diversity has a tremendous impact on shaping the transplantation practices, transfusion-associated graft versus host disease prevention strategies, and host–pathogen interactions. Here, we conducted a retrospective study of HLA class I and class II homozygosity at allelic and haplotype levels in unrelated individuals genotyped from 2012 to 2016 in a tertiary hospital in the capital of Saudi Arabia. Among 5,000 individuals, 2,773 individuals meet inclusion criteria and were retrospectively analyzed for HLA-A, -B, -C–DRB1, and -DQB1 homozygosity at allelic and haplotype levels. HLA molecular typing was performed using a commercial reverse sequencespecific oligonucleotide (rSSO) kit. We were able to identify 15 HLA-A, 20 HLA-B, 11 HLA-C, 13 HLA-DRB1, and five HLA-DQB1 homozygous alleles demonstrating a very low genetic diversity in the Saudi population. The highest homozygosity in HLA class I was found in locus C followed by A and B (20.3% > 16.1% > 15.5%; p < 0.001) where the most homozygote alleles were A*02 (9.2%), B*51 and B*50 (5.7% and 3.7%), and C*07, C*06, and C*15 (7.2%, 5.48%, and 3.3%) and in HLA class II, the highest homozygosity was found in locus DQB1 compared to DRB1 (31.71% > 19.2%; p < 0.001), with the most common homozygote alleles being DRB1*07 and DRB1*04 (5.33% and 4.2%) and DQB1*02, DQB1*06, and DQB1*03 (13.55%, 7.92%, and 7.64%). The frequency of finding an individual with one homozygote allele was (24.6%), two homozygote alleles (13.5%), three homozygote alleles (4.7%), four homozygote alleles (3.4%), and five alleles were (4.8%). The most frequent homozygote haplotypes are A*23~C*06~B*50~DRB1*07~DQB1*02 and A*02~C*06~B*50~DRB1*07~DQB1*02. This study shows low diversity of both class I and II alleles and haplotypes in the Saudi population, which would have a significant impact on shaping the transplantation practices, transfusion-associated graft versus host disease prevention strategies, and host–pathogen interactions.en_US
dc.description.departmentMedical Microbiologyen_US
dc.description.librariandm2022en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipKFMCen_US
dc.description.urihttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/geneticsen_US
dc.identifier.citationChentoufi, A.A., Uyar, F.A., Chentoufi, H.A., Alzahrani, .K, Paz, M., Bahnassy, A., Elyamany, G. & Elghazaly, A. (2022) HLA Diversity in Saudi Population: High Frequency of Homozygous HLA Alleles and Haplotypes. Frontiers in Genetics 13:898235. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.898235.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1664-8021 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.3389/fgene.2022.898235
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/88056
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherFrontiers Media S.A.en_US
dc.rights© 2022 Chentoufi, Uyar, Chentoufi, Alzahrani, Paz, Bahnassy, Elyamany and Elghazaly. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).en_US
dc.subjectGenetic diversityen_US
dc.subjectAllele frequencyen_US
dc.subjectAllele and haplotype homozygosityen_US
dc.subjectHuman leukocyte antigens (HLA)en_US
dc.subjectTransfusion-associated-graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD)en_US
dc.titleHLA diversity in Saudi population : high frequency of homozygous HLA alleles and haplotypesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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