Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of Syzygium jambos L. (Alston) and isolated compounds on acne vulgaris

dc.contributor.authorSharma, Richa
dc.contributor.authorKishore, Navneet
dc.contributor.authorHussein, Ahmed A.
dc.contributor.authorLall, Namrita
dc.contributor.emailnamrita.lall@up.ac.zaen_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-07-09T07:57:52Z
dc.date.available2014-07-09T07:57:52Z
dc.date.issued2013-10
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is a chronic skin disorder leading to inflammation as a result of the production of reactive oxygen species due to the active involvement of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) in the infection site of the skin. The current study was designed to assess the potential of the leaf extract of Syzygium jambos L. (Alston) and its compounds for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity against the pathogenic P. acnes. METHODS: The broth dilution method was used to assess the antibacterial activity. The cytotoxicity investigation on mouse melanocyte (B16-F10) and human leukemic monocyte lymphoma (U937) cells was done using sodium 3’-[1-(phenyl amino-carbonyl)-3,4-tetrazolium]-bis-[4-methoxy-6-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid hydrate (XTT) reagent. The non-toxic concentrations of the samples was investigated for the suppression of cytokines interleukin 8 (IL 8) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF α) by testing the supernatants in the co-culture of the human U937 cells and heat killed P. acnes using enzyme immunoassay kits (ELISA). The statistical analysis was done using the Graph Pad Prism 4 program. RESULTS: Bioassay guided isolation of ethanol extract of the leaves of S. jambos led to the isolation of three known compounds namely; squalene, an anacardic acid analogue and ursolic acid which are reported for the first time from this plant. The ethanol extract of S. jambos and one of the isolated compound namely, anacardic acid analogue were able to inhibit the growth of P. acnes with a noteworthy minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 31.3 and 7.9 μg/ml, respectively. The ethanol extract and three commercially acquired compounds namely; myricetin, myricitrin, gallic acid exhibited significant antioxidant activity with fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging between 0.8-1.9 μg/ml which was comparable to that of vitamin C, the reference antioxidant agent. The plant extract, compounds ursolic acid and myricitrin (commercially acquired) significantly inhibited the release of inflammatory cytokines IL 8 and TNF α by suppressing them by 74 - 99%. TEM micrographs showed the lethal effects of selected samples against P. acnes. CONCLUSIONS: The interesting antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of S. jambos shown in the present study warrant its further investigation in clinical studies for a possible alternative anti-acne agent.en_US
dc.description.librarianam2014en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversity of Pretoria and National Research Foundationen_US
dc.description.urihttp://www.biomedcentral.com/bmccomplementalternmeden_US
dc.identifier.citationSharma, R, Kishore, N, Hussein, AA & Lall, N 2013, 'Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of Syzygium jambos L. (Alston) and isolated compounds on acne vulgaris', BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol 13, art. 292, pp. 1-10.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1472-6882
dc.identifier.other10.1186/1472-6882-13-292
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/40677
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_US
dc.rights© 2013 Sharma et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licenseen_US
dc.subjectSyzygium jambosen_US
dc.subjectPropionibacterium acnesen_US
dc.subjectAntibacteriaLen_US
dc.subjectInterleukin 8en_US
dc.subjectTumour necrosis factoren_US
dc.subjectCytotoxicityen_US
dc.subjectTransmission electron microscopyen_US
dc.titleAntibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of Syzygium jambos L. (Alston) and isolated compounds on acne vulgarisen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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