The ultrastructural damage caused by Eugenia zeyheri and Syzygium legatii acetone leaf extracts on pathogenic Escherichia coli

dc.contributor.authorFamuyide, Ibukun Michael
dc.contributor.authorFasina, Folorunso Oludayo
dc.contributor.authorEloff, Jacobus Nicolaas
dc.contributor.authorMcGaw, Lyndy Joy
dc.date.accessioned2020-11-11T10:53:22Z
dc.date.available2020-11-11T10:53:22Z
dc.date.issued2020-09
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Antibiotics are commonly added to livestock feeds in sub-therapeutic doses as growth promoters and for prophylaxis against pathogenic microbes, especially those implicated in diarrhoea. While this practice has improved livestock production, it is a major cause of antimicrobial resistance in microbes affecting livestock and humans. This has led to the banning of prophylactic antibiotic use in animals in many countries. To compensate for this, alternatives have been sought from natural sources such as plants. While many studies have reported the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants with potential for use as phytogenic/botanical feed additives, little information exists on their mode of action. This study is based on our earlier work and describes ultrastructural damage induced by acetone crude leaf extracts of Syzygium legatii and Eugenia zeyheri (Myrtaceae) active against diarrhoeagenic E. coli of swine origin using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and fluorescent microscopy (FM). Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to investigate the chemical composition of plant extracts. RESULTS: The extracts damaged the internal and external anatomy of the cytoplasmic membrane and inner structure at a concentration of 0.04 mg/mL. Extracts also led to an increased influx of propidium iodide into treated bacterial cells suggesting compromised cellular integrity and cellular damage. Non-polar compounds such as αamyrin, friedelan-3-one, lupeol, and β-sitosterol were abundant in the extracts. CONCLUSIONS: The extracts of S. legatii and E. zeyheri caused ultrastructural damage to E. coli cells characterized by altered external and internal morphology. These observations may assist in elucidating the mode of action of the extracts.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentParaclinical Sciencesen_ZA
dc.description.librarianpm2020en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipSouth African National Research Foundation/The World Academy of Science, the National Research Foundation and the University of Pretoria.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcvetres/en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationFamuyide, I.M., Fasina, F.O., Eloff, J.N. et al. 2020, 'The ultrastructural damage caused by Eugenia zeyheri and Syzygium legatii acetone leaf extracts on pathogenic Escherichia coli', BMC Veterinary Research, vol. 16, no. 1, art. 326, pp. 1-9.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1746-6148 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1186/s12917-020-02547-5
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/76970
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_ZA
dc.rights© The Author(s). 2020 Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.en_ZA
dc.subjectEscherichia colien_ZA
dc.subjectFluorescence microscopyen_ZA
dc.subjectMyrtaceaeen_ZA
dc.subjectEugeniaen_ZA
dc.subjectSyzygiumen_ZA
dc.subjectScanning electron microscopy (SEM)en_ZA
dc.subjectTransmission electron microscopy (TEM)en_ZA
dc.subjectFluorescent microscopy (FM)en_ZA
dc.titleThe ultrastructural damage caused by Eugenia zeyheri and Syzygium legatii acetone leaf extracts on pathogenic Escherichia colien_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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