Investigating public support for biosecurity measures to mitigate pathogen transmission through the herpetological trade

dc.contributor.authorPienaar, Elizabeth Frances
dc.contributor.authorEpiscopio-Sturgeon, Diane J.
dc.contributor.authorSteele, Zachary T.
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-25T05:22:09Z
dc.date.available2022-01-25T05:22:09Z
dc.date.issued2022-01
dc.descriptionSUPPORTING INFORMATION: S1 Appendix. Survey questionnaire. Multiple images used in the survey have been omitted because not all images are part of the creative commons.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS2 Appendix. De-identified data set.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS1 Table. Survey respondents’ demographic characteristics and ownership of domestic animals.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS2 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ support for biosecurity for different survey versions that presented the ecological impacts, economic impacts, human health and wellbeing impacts, or all impacts of pathogen transmission.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS3 Table. Distribution of respondents’ prior knowledge of reasons for herpetological imports (n = 2,007).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS4 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ prior knowledge of reasons for herpetological imports (‘knowledge of herpetological imports’) for different survey versions that presented the ecological impacts, economic impacts, human health and wellbeing impacts, or all impacts of pathogen transmission.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS5 Table. Distribution of responses to the question “How much do you like or dislike the following animals?” (n = 2,007).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS6 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ ‘attitudes towards herpetofauna’ for different survey versions that presented the ecological impacts, economic impacts, human health and wellbeing impacts, or all impacts of pathogen transmission.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS7 Table. Distribution of responses to the questions used to measure respondents’ sensitivity to general health risks (n = 2,007).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS8 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for the importance that respondents placed on protecting the health of animals in the live animal trade, native wildlife, the natural environment, pets, and livestock (‘sensitivity to general health risks’) for different survey versions that presented the ecological impacts, economic impacts, human health and wellbeing impacts, or all impacts of pathogen transmission.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS9 Table. Distribution of responses to the questions used to measure respondents’ sensitivity to herpetological trade risks (n = 2,007).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS10 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ level of concern about pathogen transmission from captive herpetofauna to other captive animals, native wildlife, pets, livestock, and humans (‘sensitivity to herpetological trade risk’) for different survey versions that presented the ecological impacts, economic impacts, human health and wellbeing impacts, or all impacts of pathogen transmission.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS11 Table. Distribution of respondents’ risk perceptions pertaining to transmission of Bd, Bsal, ranaviruses and Salmonella by captive herpetofauna (n = 2,007).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS12 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ ‘susceptibility to herpetological pathogen transmission’ for different survey versions that presented the ecological impacts, economic impacts, human health and wellbeing impacts, or all impacts of pathogen transmission.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS13 Table. Distribution of respondents’ risk concerns about the ecological impacts of pathogen transmission through the herpetological trade (n = 995).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS14 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ concern pertaining to ecological impacts of pathogen transmission through the herpetological trade (‘sensitivity to ecological risks’).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS15 Table. Distribution of respondents’ risk concerns about the economic impacts of pathogen transmission through the herpetological trade (n = 995). (PDF) S16 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ concern pertaining to economic impacts of pathogen transmission through the herpetological trade (‘sensitivity to economic risks’).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS17 Table. Distribution of respondents’ risk perceptions related to the economic impacts of pathogen transmission through the live herpetological trade (n = 995).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS18 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ perceived ‘susceptibility to economic risks’ associated with pathogen transmission through the live herpetological trade.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS19 Table. Distribution of respondents’ concerns about the human health and wellbeing impacts of pathogen transmission through the live herpetological trade (n = 993).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS20 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ concern pertaining to human health and wellbeing impacts of pathogen transmission through the live herpetological trade (‘sensitivity to human health and wellbeing risks’).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS21 Table. Respondents’ trust in the government to mitigate pathogen transmission risks associated with the live herpetological trade (n = 2,007).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS22 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ ‘social trust’ for different survey versions that presented the ecological impacts, economic impacts, human health and wellbeing impacts, or all impacts of pathogen transmission.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS23 Table. Distribution of responses to the Environmental Portrait Value Questionnaire: “Below are some statements about a random man/woman/person. How similar is this person to you?” (n = 2,007).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS24 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ ‘biospheric values’.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS25 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ ‘altruistic values’.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS26 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ ‘hedonic values’.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS27 Table. Confirmatory factor analysis for respondents’ ‘egoistic values’.en_ZA
dc.descriptionS28 Table. Structural equation model of respondents’ support for improved biosecurity measures when presented with the ecological risks associated with pathogen transmission through the live herpetological trade (model 1, n = 507).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS29 Table. Structural equation model of respondents’ support for improved biosecurity measures when presented with the economic risks associated with pathogen transmission through the live herpetological trade (model 2, n = 507).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS30 Table. Structural equation model of respondents’ support for improved biosecurity measures when presented with the human health and wellbeing risks associated with pathogen transmission through the live herpetological trade (model 3, n = 505).en_ZA
dc.descriptionS31 Table. Structural equation model of respondents’ support for improved biosecurity measures when presented with the ecological, economic, and human health and wellbeing risks associated with pathogen transmission through the live herpetological trade (model 4, n = 488).en_ZA
dc.description.abstractThe expanding global trade in herpetofauna has contributed to new infectious disease dynamics and pathways that allow for the rapid spread of pathogens geographically. Improved biosecurity is needed to mitigate adverse biodiversity, economic and human health impacts associated with pathogen transmission through the herpetological trade. However, general lack of knowledge of the pathogen transmission risks associated with the global trade in herpetofauna and public opposition to biosecurity measures are critical obstacles to successfully preventing pathogen transmission. In 2019 we administered a survey to 2,007 members of the public in the United States of America to ascertain their support for interventions to prevent the spread of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal), ranaviruses, and Salmonella through the herpetological trade. We presented survey respondents with different potential hazards associated with pathogen transmission through this trade, namely ecological, economic, and human health impacts. We used structural equation models to determine how these different hazards and respondents' characteristics influenced respondents' support for quarantine and veterinary observation of herpetofauna imported into the United States, mandatory tests for diseases of concern, and best practices to reduce stress and improve the care of live herpetofauna during transport to the United States. Respondents' values and their perceived susceptibility and sensitivity to different hazards associated with pathogen transmission were key determinants of their support for biosecurity. Respondents with strong biospheric and altruistic values demonstrated sensitivity to ecological and human health impacts associated with pathogen transmission, whereas respondents with strong egoistic values demonstrated sensitivity to economic impacts. Respondents had limited knowledge of Bd, Bsal or ranaviruses, the size of the herpetological trade, or how this trade may contribute to pathogen transmission. Improved outreach and education on pathogen transmission through the herpetological trade is required, but it is important that messages are tailored to people with different values to elicit their support for biosecurity.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentMammal Research Instituteen_ZA
dc.description.librarianhj2022en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThe University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) under the Interdisciplinary Research on Invasive Species (IRIS) funding initiative.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.plosone.orgen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationPienaar E.F., Episcopio-Sturgeon D.J., Steele Z.T. Investigating public support for biosecurity measures to mitigate pathogen transmission through the herpetological trade. PLoS One. 2022 Jan 21;17(1):e0262719. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262719.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1371/journal.pone.0262719
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/83440
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.rights© 2022 Pienaar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.en_ZA
dc.subjectBiosecurityen_ZA
dc.subjectMeasuresen_ZA
dc.subjectPathogen transmissionen_ZA
dc.subjectHerpetological tradeen_ZA
dc.titleInvestigating public support for biosecurity measures to mitigate pathogen transmission through the herpetological tradeen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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