The event horizon general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic code comparison project

dc.contributor.authorPorth, Oliver
dc.contributor.authorChatterjee, Koushik
dc.contributor.authorNarayan, Ramesh
dc.contributor.authorGammie, Charles F.
dc.contributor.authorMizuno, Yosuke
dc.contributor.authorAnninos, Peter
dc.contributor.authorBaker, John G.
dc.contributor.authorBugli, Matteo
dc.contributor.authorChan, Chi-kwan
dc.contributor.authorDavelaar, Jordy
dc.contributor.authorDel Zanna, Luca
dc.contributor.authorEtienne, Zachariah B.
dc.contributor.authorFragile, P. Chris
dc.contributor.authorKelly, Bernard J.
dc.contributor.authorLiska, Matthew
dc.contributor.authorMarkoff, Sera
dc.contributor.authorMcKinney, Jonathan C.
dc.contributor.authorMishra, Bhupendra
dc.contributor.authorNoble, Scott C.
dc.contributor.authorOlivares, Hector
dc.contributor.authorPrather, Ben
dc.contributor.authorRezzolla, Luciano
dc.contributor.authorRyan, Benjamin R.
dc.contributor.authorStone, James M.
dc.contributor.authorTomei, Niccolo
dc.contributor.authorWhite, Christopher J.
dc.contributor.authorAkiyama, Kazunori
dc.contributor.authorAlberdi, Antxon
dc.contributor.authorAlef, Walter
dc.contributor.authorAsada, Keiichi
dc.contributor.authorAzulay, Rebecca
dc.contributor.authorBaczko, Anne-Kathrin
dc.contributor.authorBall, David
dc.contributor.authorBalokovic, Mislav
dc.contributor.authorBarrett, John
dc.contributor.authorBintley, Dan
dc.contributor.authorBlackburn, Lindy
dc.contributor.authorBoland, Wilfred
dc.contributor.authorBouman, Katherine L.
dc.contributor.authorBower, Geoffrey C.
dc.contributor.authorBremer, Michael
dc.contributor.authorBrinkerink, Christiaan D.
dc.contributor.authorBrissenden, Roger
dc.contributor.authorBritzen, Silke
dc.contributor.authorBroderick, Avery E.
dc.contributor.authorBroguiere, Dominique
dc.contributor.authorBronzwaer, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorByun, Do-Young
dc.contributor.authorCarlstrom, John E.
dc.contributor.authorChael, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorChatterjee, Shami
dc.contributor.authorChen, Ming-Tang
dc.contributor.authorChen, Yongjun
dc.contributor.authorCho, Ilje
dc.contributor.authorChristian, Pierre
dc.contributor.authorConway, John E.
dc.contributor.authorCordes, James M.
dc.contributor.authorCrew, Geoffrey B.
dc.contributor.authorCui, Yuzhu
dc.contributor.authorDe Laurentis, Mariafelicia
dc.contributor.authorDeane, Roger
dc.contributor.authorDempsey, Jessica
dc.contributor.authorDesvignes, Gregory
dc.contributor.authorDoeleman, Sheperd S.
dc.contributor.authorEatough, Ralph P.
dc.contributor.authorFalcke, Heino
dc.contributor.authorFish, Vincent L.
dc.contributor.authorFomalont, Ed
dc.contributor.authorFraga-Encinas, Raquel
dc.contributor.authorFreeman, William T.
dc.contributor.authorFriberg, Per
dc.contributor.authorFromm, Christian M.
dc.contributor.authorGomez, Jose L.
dc.contributor.authorGalison, Peter
dc.contributor.authorGammie, Charles F.
dc.contributor.authorGarcia, Roberto
dc.contributor.authorGentaz, Olivier
dc.contributor.authorGeorgiev, Boris
dc.contributor.authorGoddi, Ciriaco
dc.contributor.authorGold, Roman
dc.contributor.authorGu, Minfeng
dc.contributor.authorGurwell, Mark
dc.contributor.authorHada, Kazuhiro
dc.contributor.authorHecht, Michael H.
dc.contributor.authorHesper, Ronald
dc.contributor.authorHo, Luis C.
dc.contributor.authorHo, Paul
dc.contributor.authorHonma, Mareki
dc.contributor.authorHuang, Chih-Wei L.
dc.contributor.authorHuang, Lei
dc.contributor.authorHughes, David H.
dc.contributor.authorIkeda, Shiro
dc.contributor.authorInoue, Makoto
dc.contributor.authorIssaoun, Sara
dc.contributor.authorJames, David J.
dc.contributor.authorJannuzi, Buell T.
dc.contributor.authorJanssen, Michael
dc.contributor.authorJeter, Britton
dc.contributor.authorJiang, Wu
dc.contributor.authorJohnson, Michael D.
dc.contributor.authorJorstad, Svetlana
dc.contributor.authorJung, Taehyun
dc.contributor.authorKarami, Mansour
dc.contributor.authorKaruppusamy, Ramesh
dc.contributor.authorKawashima, Tomohisa
dc.contributor.authorKeating, Garrett K.
dc.contributor.authorKettenis, Mark
dc.contributor.authorKim, Jae-Young
dc.contributor.authorKim, Junhan
dc.contributor.authorKim, Jongsoo
dc.contributor.authorKino, Motoki
dc.contributor.authorKoay, Jun Yi
dc.contributor.authorKoch, Patrick M.
dc.contributor.authorKoyama, Shoko
dc.contributor.authorKramer, Michael
dc.contributor.authorKramer, Carsten
dc.contributor.authorKrichbaum, Thomas P.
dc.contributor.authorKuo, Cheng-Yu
dc.contributor.authorLauer, Tod R.
dc.contributor.authorLee, Sang-Sung
dc.contributor.authorLi, Yan-Rong
dc.contributor.authorLi, Zhiyuan
dc.contributor.authorLindqvist, Michael
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Kuo
dc.contributor.authorLiuzzo, Elisabetta
dc.contributor.authorLo, Wen-Ping
dc.contributor.authorLobanov, Andrei P.
dc.contributor.authorLoinard, Laurent
dc.contributor.authorLonsdale, Colin
dc.contributor.authorLu, Ru-Sen
dc.contributor.authorMacDonald, Nicholas R.
dc.contributor.authorMao, Jirong
dc.contributor.authorMarrone, Daniel P.
dc.contributor.authorMarscher, Alan P.
dc.contributor.authorMarti-Vidal, Ivan
dc.contributor.authorMatsushita, Satoki
dc.contributor.authorMatthews, Lynn D.
dc.contributor.authorMedeiros, Lia
dc.contributor.authorMenten, Karl M.
dc.contributor.authorMizuno, Izumi
dc.contributor.authorMoran, James M.
dc.contributor.authorMoriyama, Kotaro
dc.contributor.authorMoscibrodzka, Monika
dc.contributor.authorMuller, Cornelia
dc.contributor.authorNagai, Hiroshi
dc.contributor.authorNagar, Neil M.
dc.contributor.authorNakamura, Masanori
dc.contributor.authorNarayanan, Gopal
dc.contributor.authorNatarajan, Iniyan
dc.contributor.authorNeri, Roberto
dc.contributor.authorNi, Chunchong
dc.contributor.authorNoutsos, Aristeidis
dc.contributor.authorOkino, Hiroki
dc.contributor.authorOyama, Tomoaki
dc.contributor.authorOzel, Feryal
dc.contributor.authorPalumbo, Daniel C.M.
dc.contributor.authorPatel, Nimesh
dc.contributor.authorPen, Ue-Li
dc.contributor.authorPesce, Dominic W.
dc.contributor.authorPietu, Vincent
dc.contributor.authorPlambeck, Richard
dc.contributor.authorPopStefanija, Aleksandar
dc.contributor.authorPreciado-Lopez, Jorge A.
dc.contributor.authorPsaltis, Dimitrios
dc.contributor.authorPu, Hung-Yi
dc.contributor.authorRamakrishnan, Venkatessh
dc.contributor.authorRao, Ramprasad
dc.contributor.authorRawlings, Mark G.
dc.contributor.authorRaymond, Alexander W.
dc.contributor.authorRipperda, Bart
dc.contributor.authorRoelofs, Freek
dc.contributor.authorRogers, Alan
dc.contributor.authorRos, Eduardo
dc.contributor.authorRose, Mel
dc.contributor.authorRoshanineshat, Arash
dc.contributor.authorRottmann, Helge
dc.contributor.authorRoy, Alan L.
dc.contributor.authorRuszczyk, Chet
dc.contributor.authorRygl, Kazi L.J.
dc.contributor.authorSanchez, Salvador
dc.contributor.authorSanchez-Arguelles, David
dc.contributor.authorSasada, Mahito
dc.contributor.authorSavolainen, Tuomas
dc.contributor.authorSchloerb, F. Peter
dc.contributor.authorSchuster, Karl-Friedrich
dc.contributor.authorShao, Lijing
dc.contributor.authorShen, Zhiqiang
dc.contributor.authorSmall, Des
dc.contributor.authorSohn, Bong Won
dc.contributor.authorSooHoo, Jason
dc.contributor.authorTazaki, Fumie
dc.contributor.authorTiede, Paul
dc.contributor.authorTilanus, Remo P.J.
dc.contributor.authorTitus, Michael
dc.contributor.authorToma, Kenji
dc.contributor.authorTorne, Pablo
dc.contributor.authorTrent, Tyler
dc.contributor.authorTrippe, Sascha
dc.contributor.authorTsuda, Shuichiro
dc.contributor.authorVan Bemmel, Ilse
dc.contributor.authorVan Langevelde, Huib Jan
dc.contributor.authorVan Rossum, Daniel R.
dc.contributor.authorWagner, Jan
dc.contributor.authorWardle, John
dc.contributor.authorWeintroub, Jonathan
dc.contributor.authorWex, Norbert
dc.contributor.authorWharton, Robert
dc.contributor.authorWielgus, Maciek
dc.contributor.authorWong, George N.
dc.contributor.authorWu, Qingwen
dc.contributor.authorYoung, Ken
dc.contributor.authorYoung, Andre
dc.contributor.authorYuan, Feng
dc.contributor.authorYuan, Ye-Fei
dc.contributor.authorZensus, J. Anton
dc.contributor.authorZhao, Guangyao
dc.contributor.authorZhao, Shan-Shan
dc.contributor.authorZhu, Ziyan
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-03T05:05:03Z
dc.date.available2020-12-03T05:05:03Z
dc.date.issued2019-08
dc.description.abstractRecent developments in compact object astrophysics, especially the discovery of merging neutron stars by LIGO, the imaging of the black hole in M87 by the Event Horizon Telescope, and high- precision astrometry of the Galactic Center at close to the event horizon scale by the GRAVITY experiment motivate the development of numerical source models that solve the equations of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD). Here we compare GRMHD solutions for the evolution of a magnetized accretion flow where turbulence is promoted by the magnetorotational instability from a set of nine GRMHD codes: Athena++, BHAC, Cosmos++, ECHO, H-AMR, iharm3D, HARM-Noble, IllinoisGRMHD, and KORAL. Agreement among the codes improves as resolution increases, as measured by a consistently applied, specially developed set of code performance metrics. We conclude that the community of GRMHD codes is mature, capable, and consistent on these test problems.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentPhysicsen_ZA
dc.description.librarianam2020en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipR.N. thanks the National Science Foundation (NSF; grants OISE-1743747, AST-1816420) and acknowledges computational support from the NSF via XSEDE resources (grant TG-AST080026N). L.D.Z. acknowledges support from the PRIN-MIUR project Multi-scale Simulations of High-Energy Astrophysical Plasmas (Prot. 2015L5EE2Y) and from the INFN—TEONGRAV initiative. C.J.W. made use of the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) Comet at the San Diego Supercomputer Center through allocation AST170012. The H-AMR high-resolution simulation was made possible by NSF PRAC award Nos. 1615281 and OAC-1811605 at the Blue Waters sustainedpetascale computing project and supported in part under grant No. NSF PHY-1125915 (PI A. Tchekhovskoy). K.C. and S.M. are supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) VICI grant (No. 639.043.513); M.L. is supported by the NWO Spinoza Prize (PI M.B.M. van der Klis). The HARM-Noble simulations were made possible by NSF PRAC award No. NSF OAC-1515969, OAC-1811228 at the Blue Waters sustained-petascale computing project, and supported in part under grant No. NSF PHY-1125915. The BHAC CKS-GRMHD simulations were performed on the Dutch National Supercomputing cluster Cartesius and are funded by the NWO computing grant 16431. S.C.N. was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center administered by USRA through a contract with NASA. Y.M., H.O., O.P., and L.R. acknowledge support from the ERC synergy grant “BlackHoleCam: Imaging the Event Horizon of Black Holes” (grant No. 610058). M.B. acknowledges support from the European Research Council (grant No. 715368—MagBURST) and from the Gauss Centre for Supercomputing e.V. (www. Gauss-centre.eu) for funding this project by providing computing time on the GCS Supercomputer SuperMUC at Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (www.lrz.de). P.C.F. was supported by NSF grant AST-1616185 and used resources from the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by NSF grant No. ACI-1548562. Work by P.A. was performed in part under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52- 07NA27344. The authors of the present paper further thank the following organizations and programs: the Academy of Finland (projects 274477, 284495, 312496); the Advanced European Network of E-infrastructures for Astronomy with the SKA (AENEAS) project, supported by the European Commission Framework Programme Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation action under grant agreement 731016; the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung; the Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University, through a grant (60477) from the John Templeton Foundation; the China Scholarship Council; Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT, Chile, via PIA ACT172033, Fondecyt 1171506, BASAL AFB-170002, ALMA-conicyt 31140007); Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT, Mexico, projects 104497, 275201, 279006, 281692); the Delaney Family via the Delaney Family John A. Wheeler Chair at Perimeter Institute; Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (DGAPA-UNAM, project IN112417); the European Research Council Synergy Grant “BlackHoleCam: Imaging the Event Horizon of Black Holes” (grant 610058); the Generalitat Valenciana postdoctoral grant APOSTD/2018/177; the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (grants GBMF-3561, GBMF-5278); the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) sezione di Napoli, iniziative specifiche TEONGRAV; the International Max Planck Research School for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Universities of Bonn and Cologne; the Jansky Fellowship program of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO); the Japanese Government (Monbukagakusho: MEXT) Scholarship; the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Research Fellowship (JP17J08829); the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS, grants QYZDJ-SSW-SLH057, QYZDJ-SSW-SYS008); the Leverhulme Trust Early Career Research Fellowship; the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG); the Max Planck Partner Group of the MPG and the CAS; the MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI (grants 18KK0090, JP18K13594, JP18K03656, JP18H03721, 18K03709, 18H01245, 25120007); the MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives (MISTI) Funds; the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan (105-2112-M- 001-025-MY3, 106-2112-M-001-011, 106-2119-M-001-027, 107-2119-M-001-017, 107-2119-M-001-020, and 107-2119-M- 110-005); the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, Fermi Guest Investigator grant 80NSSC17K0649); the National Institute of Natural Sciences (NINS) of Japan; the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant 2016YFA0400704, 2016YFA0400702); the National Science Foundation (NSF, grants AST-0096454, AST-0352953, AST-0521233, AST-0705062, AST-0905844, AST-0922984, AST-1126433, AST-1140030, DGE-1144085, AST-1207704, AST-1207730, AST-1207752, MRI-1228509, OPP-1248097, AST-1310896, AST-1312651, AST-1337663, AST-1440254, AST-1555365, AST-1715061, AST-1615796, AST-1716327, OISE-1743747, AST-1816420); the Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 11573051, 11633006, 11650110427, 10625314, 11721303, 11725312); the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, including a Discovery Grant and the NSERC Alexander Graham Bell Canada Graduate Scholarships Doctoral Program); the National Youth Thousand Talents Program of China; the National Research Foundation of Korea (the Global PhD Fellowship Grant: grants NRF- 2015H1A2A1033752, 2015-R1D1A1A01056807, the Korea Research Fellowship Program: NRF-2015H1D3A1066561); the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) VICI award (grant 639.043.513) and Spinoza Prize SPI 78-409; the New Scientific Frontiers with Precision Radio Interferometry Fellowship awarded by the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO), which is a facility of the National Research Foundation (NRF), an agency of the Department of Science and Technology (DST) of South Africa; the Onsala Space Observatory (OSO) national infrastructure, for the provisioning of its facilities/observational support (OSO receives funding through the Swedish Research Council under grant 2017-00648); the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics (research at Perimeter Institute is supported by the Government of Canada through the Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development, and by the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science); the Russian Science Foundation (grant 17-12-01029); the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (grants AYA2015-63939-C2-1-P, AYA2016-80889-P); the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709); the Toray Science Foundation; the US Department of Energy (USDOE) through the Los Alamos National Laboratory (operated by Triad National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the USDOE (Contract 89233218CNA000001)); the Italian Ministero dell’Istruzione Università e Ricerca through the grant Progetti Premiali 2012-iALMA (CUP C52I13000140001); the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 730562 RadioNet; ALMA North America Development Fund; the Academia Sinica; and Chandra TM6-17006X. This work used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), supported by NSF grant ACI-1548562, and CyVerse, supported by NSF grants DBI-0735191, DBI-1265383, and DBI-1743442. XSEDE Stampede2 resource at TACC was allocated through TG-AST170024 and TG-AST080026N. XSEDE JetStream resource at PTI and TACC was allocated through AST170028. The simulations were performed in part on the SuperMUC cluster at the LRZ in Garching, on the LOEWE cluster in CSC in Frankfurt, and on the HazelHen cluster at the HLRS in Stuttgart. This research was enabled in part by support provided by Compute Ontario (http://computeontario.ca), Calcul Quebec (http://www.calculquebec.ca), and Compute Canada (http:// www.computecanada.ca).en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://iopscience.iop.org/0067-0049en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationPorth, O., Chatterjee, K., Narayan, R. et al. 2019, 'The event horizon general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic code comparison project', Astrophysical Journal Supplement, vol. 243, no. 26, pp. 1-40.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn0067-0049 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1538-4365 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.3847/1538-4365/ab29fd
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/77248
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherIOP Publishingen_ZA
dc.rights© 2019. The American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence.en_ZA
dc.subjectBlack hole physicsen_ZA
dc.subjectMagnetic fieldsen_ZA
dc.subjectMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)en_ZA
dc.subjectMethods: numericalen_ZA
dc.subjectRelativistic processesen_ZA
dc.subjectEvent Horizon Telescope (EHT)en_ZA
dc.subjectGeneral relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD)en_ZA
dc.titleThe event horizon general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic code comparison projecten_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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