Trauma, geloofskrisis en Godsbeeld : die bruikbaarheid van die "Traumatic Incident Reduction" (TIR) en die "Eye Movement Desensitisaition and Reprocessing" (EMDR) model vir die pastoraat

Abstract

A crisis of faith has a far-reaching effect on a believer's life. The intertwined nature of faith and personal identity can have the effect that a crisis of faith also becomes an existential issue. Faith can stagnate or be lost if a crisis of faith is not dealt with effectively. However, a distinction should be made between the believer’s “God image” that is constructed emotionally and the person’s “God concept” that is constructed cognitively. Trauma can have a significant effect on the construction of the believer’s God image. In cases where a distorted God image arises from childhood trauma, psychological insights into trauma processing can be of value. The trauma should first be processed before a new image of God can be constructed. This study aims to investigate the value of trauma awareness in pastor care and counselling by means of two different trauma therapies. Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Traumatic Incident Reduction (TIR) respectively have various qualification and training requirements which makes them more or less accessible to pastors. After the trauma has been effectively processed and trauma triggers no longer cause the physiological, neurological and psychological survival state, the believer can begin to construct a healthy and sustainable God image. This can lead to growth and deepening of their faith.‘n Geloofskrisis kan ‘n verreikende effek hê op ‘n gelowige se lewe. Die verweefde aard van geloof en persoonlike identiteit bring mee dat ‘n geloofskrisis ook vir ‘n persoon ‘n eksistensiële aangeleentheid kan word. Geloof kan stagneer of selfs verloor word indien ‘n geloofskrisis nie oorkom word nie. Daar is ‘n onderskeid tussen ‘n persoon se “Godsbeeld” wat emosioneel gekonstrueer word en “Godskonsep” wat kognitief gekonstrueer word. Trauma kan ‘n beduidende effek hê op die vorming van ‘n persoon se Godsbeeld. Waar ‘n verwronge Godsbeeld gevorm is op grond van byvoorbeeld kindertrauma, kan insigte uit die psigologie met betrekking tot die verwerking van trauma van belang wees vir die pastoraat. Die trauma moet eers verwerk word voordat ‘n nuwe Godsbeeld gekonstrueer kan word. Hierdie studie het ten doel om die waarde van trauma-bewustheid en -kundigheid vir die pastoraat te ondersoek. Die studie fokus op twee trauma-terapieë, naamlik Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) en Traumatic Incident Reduction (TIR) onderskeidelik, waarvan die kwalifikasie-vereistes verskil. Dit maak die terapieë meer of minder toeganklik vir pastors. Nadat die trauma effektief verwerk is en die trauma snellers nie meer die pastorant in ‘n fisiologiese- neurologiese- en psigologiese oorlewingstaat plaas nie, kan die pastorant daaraan begin werk om ‘n gesonde en volhoubare Godsbeeld te vorm. Sodoende kan nie net genesing en herstel plaa