Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in HIV infected and uninfected pregnant women with and without preeclampsia

dc.contributor.authorMaharaj, Niren Ray
dc.contributor.authorPhulukdaree, Alisa
dc.contributor.authorNagiah, Savania
dc.contributor.authorRamkaran, Prithiksha
dc.contributor.authorTiloke, Charlette
dc.contributor.authorChuturgoon, Anil Amichund
dc.date.accessioned2017-02-09T09:30:57Z
dc.date.available2017-02-09T09:30:57Z
dc.date.issued2017-01
dc.description.abstractINTRODUCTION Preeclampsia and HIV/AIDS are inflammatory conditions that contribute significantly to adverse maternal and foetal outcomes. The immune reconstitution effects of HAART on inflammatory mediators has not been adequately studied in pregnancy and may impact on the inflammatory cytokine network in women with co-morbid preeclampsia. Our study evaluated changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6 in HIV infected preeclamptic women on HAART. METHODS A prospective experimental study was conducted at Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital between July 2013 and September 2014. One hundred and ninety three pregnant women were recruited into 4 groups: uninfected normotensive (50; 26%), infected normotensive (45; 23%), uninfected preeclamptic (53; 28%) and infected preeclamptic women (45; 23%). Serum levels of cytokines TNF-α, IFN- γ, IL-2 and IL-6 were determined using commercially available kits and a Cytometric Bead Array (CBA). Comparative data was recorded and analysed descriptively. RESULTS In the control groups (normotensive), significantly lower values were found in IL-2 (p = 0.010), TNF-α (p = 0.045), and IL-6 (p = 0.005); and a non-significant decrease was observed in IFN-γ (p = 0.345) in HIV infected women on HAART compared to uninfected controls. In the experimental group (preeclamptic) women, significantly reduced levels were observed in IL-2 and TNF-α (p = 0.001; p = 0.000) and non-significant decreases were observed in IFN-γ and IL-6 (p = 0.023; p = 0.086) in HIV infected women on HAART compared with uninfected preeclamptic women. Non-significant differences were observed between uninfected preeclamptic and normotensive women. CONCLUSION In uncomplicated/normotensive pregnancies, HIV/HAART is associated with significant decreases in IL-2, TNF-α and IL-6, and in preeclamptic women significant decreases in IL-2 and TNF-α were observed. These findings suggest that HIV/HAART impacts on pro-inflammatory cytokines in women with co-morbid preeclampsia. This provides a platform for further research on immune reconstitution effects of HAART during pregnancy, and the development of potential immune modulation therapies for the management of preeclampsia.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentPhysiologyen_ZA
dc.description.librarianam2017en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.plosone.orgen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMaharaj NR, Phulukdaree A, Nagiah S, Ramkaran P, Tiloke C, Chuturgoon AA (2017) Pro- Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in HIV Infected and Uninfected Pregnant Women with and without Preeclampsia. PLoS ONE 12(1): e0170063. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170063.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.other10.1371/journal.pone.0170063
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/58954
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.rights© 2017 Maharaj et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.en_ZA
dc.subjectHIV/AIDSen_ZA
dc.subjectPreeclampsiaen_ZA
dc.subjectWomenen_ZA
dc.subjectHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)en_ZA
dc.subjectHighly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)en_ZA
dc.subjectAcquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)en_ZA
dc.titlePro-inflammatory cytokine levels in HIV infected and uninfected pregnant women with and without preeclampsiaen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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