In vitro antibacterial activity of Loxostylis alata extracts and isolated compounds against Salmonella species
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Date
Authors
Gado, Dorcas A.
Abdalla, Muna Ali
Ahmed, Aroke Shahid
Madikizela, Balungile
Nkadimeng, Sanah Malomile
Ehlers, Marthie Magdaleen
McGaw, Lyndy Joy
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
BMC
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Owing to antibiotic resistance, alternative antimicrobials from medicinal plants are receiving attention
as leads for anti-infective agents. This study aimed to investigate selected tree species and their constituents for
activity against bacterial foodborne pathogens, particularly Salmonella serovars.
METHODS: Antibacterial activity of ten plant species was determined by serial microdilution against bacteria
implicated in causing gastrointestinal ailments. Active compounds were isolated from Loxostylis alata using
bioassay-guided fractionation. Antioxidant activity was determined using free-radical scavenging assays. Cytotoxicity
and genotoxicity of the extracts was ascertained on Vero cells, and using the Ames assay respectively.
RESULTS: Extracts had low to moderate MIC values from 0.04 to 2.5 mg/mL. Protorhus longifolia and Loxostylis alata
were most active and L. alata had the highest selectivity index value (2.51) against Salmonella Typhimurium, as well
as high antioxidant activity. Cytotoxicity values ranged from 0.02 to 0.47 mg/mL, while tested extracts were not
genotoxic. Bioactive compounds isolated from L. alata included delicaflavone and a polymethoxyflavone.
CONCLUSIONS: The Loxostylis alata leaf extract had strong activity against Salmonella serovars but isolated
compounds were less active, indicating likely synergistic effects. Extracts of L. alata are promising candidates for
development of antimicrobial preparations or food additives against microbial contamination.
Description
Keywords
Antimicrobial, Salmonella, Cytotoxicity, Loxostylis alata, Biflavonoid
Sustainable Development Goals
Citation
Gado, D.A., Abdalla, M.A., Ahmed, A.S. et al. In vitro antibacterial activity of Loxostylis alata extracts and isolated compounds against Salmonella species. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 21, 121 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-021-03292-4.