Horizontal versus familial transmission of Helicobacter pylori

dc.contributor.authorSchwarz, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorMorelli, Giovanna
dc.contributor.authorManica, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorBalloux, Francois
dc.contributor.authorOwen, Robert J.
dc.contributor.authorGraham, David Y.
dc.contributor.authorVan der Merwe, Schalk Willem
dc.contributor.authorAchtman, Mark
dc.contributor.authorSuerbaum, Sebastian
dc.contributor.authorKusecek, Barica
dc.date.accessioned2009-05-27T07:40:22Z
dc.date.available2009-05-27T07:40:22Z
dc.date.issued2008-10
dc.description.abstractTransmission of Helicobacter pylori is thought to occur mainly during childhood, and predominantly within families. However, due to the difficulty of obtaining H. pylori isolates from large population samples and to the extensive genetic diversity between isolates, the transmission and spread of H. pylori remain poorly understood. We studied the genetic relationships of H. pylori isolated from 52 individuals of two large families living in a rural community in South Africa and from 43 individuals of 11 families living in urban settings in the United Kingdom, the United States, Korea, and Colombia. A 3,406 bp multilocus sequence haplotype was determined for a total of 142 H. pylori isolates. Isolates were assigned to biogeographic populations, and recent transmission was measured as the occurrence of non-unique isolates, i.e., isolates whose sequences were identical to those of other isolates. Members of urban families were almost always infected with isolates from the biogeographic population that is common in their location. Non-unique isolates were frequent in urban families, consistent with familial transmission between parents and children or between siblings. In contrast, the diversity of H. pylori in the South African families was much more extensive, and four distinct biogeographic populations circulated in this area. Non-unique isolates were less frequent in South African families, and there was no significant correlation between kinship and similarity of H. pylori sequences. However, individuals who lived in the same household did have an increased probability of carrying the same non-unique isolates of H. pylori, independent of kinship. We conclude that patterns of spread of H. pylori under conditions of high prevalence, such as the rural South African families, differ from those in developed countries. Horizontal transmission occurs frequently between persons who do not belong to a core family, blurring the pattern of familial transmission that is typical of developed countries. Predominantly familial transmission in urban societies is likely a result of modern living conditions with good sanitation and where physical contact between persons outside the core family is limited and regulated by societal rules. The patterns observed in rural South African families may be representative of large parts of the developing world.en_US
dc.identifier.citationSchwarz, S, Morelli, G, Kusecek, B, Manica, A, Balloux, F, Owen, RJ, Graham, DY, Van der Merwe, S, Achtman, M & Suerbaum, S 2008, 'Horizontal versus familial transmission of Helicobacter pylori', Plos Pathogens, vol. 4, no. 10, e1000180. [http://www.plospathogens.org]en_US
dc.identifier.issn1553-7374
dc.identifier.other10.1371/journal.ppat.1000180
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/10196
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.rights© 2008. The Authors. Licensee: Public Library of Science. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.en_US
dc.subjectHelicobacter pylorien_US
dc.subjectTransmissionen_US
dc.subjectHorizontal transmissionen_US
dc.subjectFamilial transmissionen_US
dc.subjectSpreaden_US
dc.subjectIsolatesen_US
dc.subjectGenetic relationshipsen_US
dc.subjectRural communitiesen_US
dc.subjectSouth Africaen_US
dc.subjectUrban settingsen_US
dc.subjectUnited Statesen_US
dc.subjectKoreaen_US
dc.subjectColombiaen_US
dc.subjectMultilocus sequence haplotypeen_US
dc.subjectTransmission measuringen_US
dc.subjectBiogeographic populationen_US
dc.subjectNon-unique isolatesen_US
dc.subjectFamiliesen_US
dc.subjectSpreading patternsen_US
dc.subjectLiving conditionsen_US
dc.subjectSanitationen_US
dc.subjectPhysical contacten_US
dc.subjectPopulation samplesen_US
dc.subject.lcshHelicobacter pylori infections -- South Africa
dc.subject.lcshCommunities
dc.subject.lcshUrban health
dc.subject.lcshRural health
dc.subject.lcshGenetic screening
dc.titleHorizontal versus familial transmission of Helicobacter pylorien_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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