Replacement of neuraminidase inhibitor-susceptible influenza A(H1N1) with resistant phenotype in 2008 and circulation of susceptible influenza A and B viruses during 2009-2013, South Africa

dc.contributor.authorTreurnicht, Florette K.
dc.contributor.authorBuys, Amelia
dc.contributor.authorTempia, Stefano
dc.contributor.authorSeleka, Mpho
dc.contributor.authorCohen, Adam L.
dc.contributor.authorWalaza, Sibongile
dc.contributor.authorGlass, Allison J.
dc.contributor.authorRossouw, Inez
dc.contributor.authorMcAnerney, Johanna
dc.contributor.authorBlumberg, Lucille Hellen
dc.contributor.authorCohen, Cheryl
dc.contributor.authorVenter, Marietjie
dc.date.accessioned2019-01-30T05:35:21Z
dc.date.available2019-01-30T05:35:21Z
dc.date.issued2019-01
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND : Data on the susceptibility of influenza viruses from South Africa to neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are scarce, and no extensive analysis was done. OBJECTIVES : We aimed to determine oseltamivir and zanamivir susceptibility of influenza A and B virus neuraminidases (NAs), 2007-2013, South Africa. PATIENTS/METHODS : We enrolled participants through national influenza-like illness surveillance, 2007-2013. Influenza diagnosis was by virus isolation and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Drug susceptibility was determined by chemiluminescence-based NA-STAR/ NA-XTD assay. Sanger sequencing was used to determine molecular markers of NAI resistance. RESULTS : Forty percent (6341/15 985) of participants were positive for influenza viruses using virus isolation (2007-2009) and qPCR (2009-2013) methods. A total of 1236/6341 (19.5%) virus isolates were generated of which 307/1236 (25%) were tested for drug susceptibility. During 2007-2008, the median 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of oseltamivir for seasonal influenza A(H1N1) increased from of 0.08 nmol/L (range 0.01-3.60) in 2007 to 73 nmol/L (range 1.56-305 nmol/L) in 2008. Influenza A isolates from 2009 to 2013 were susceptible to oseltamivir [A(H3N2) median IC50 = 0.05 nmol/L (range 0.01-0.08); A(H1N1)pdm09 = 0.11 nmol/L (range 0.01-0.78)] and zanamivir [A(H3N2) median IC50 = 0.56 nmol/L (range 0.47-0.66); A(H1N1)pdm09 = 0.35 nmol/L (range 0.27-0.533)]. Influenza B viruses were susceptible to both NAIs. NAI resistance-associated substitutions H275Y, E119V, and R150K (N1 numbering) were not detected in influenza A viruses that circulated in 2009-2013. CONCLUSIONS : We confirm replacement of NAI susceptible by resistant phenotype influenza A(H1N1) in 2008. Influenza A and B viruses (2009-2013) remained susceptible to NAIs; therefore, these drugs are useful for treating influenza-infected patients.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentMedical Virologyen_ZA
dc.description.librarianam2019en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreement number: 1U51IP000528).en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThe National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreement number: 1U51IP000528).en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1750-2659en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/irven_ZA
dc.identifier.citationTreurnicht FK, Buys A, Tempia S, et al. Replacement of neuraminidase inhibitor-susceptible influenza A(H1N1) with resistant phenotype in 2008 and circulation of susceptible influenza A and B viruses during 2009-2013, South Africa. Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 2019;13:54–63. https://DOI.org/ 10.1111/irv.12611.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1750-2640 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1750-2659 (online)
dc.identifier.issn10.1111/irv.12611
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/68302
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherWiley Open Accessen_ZA
dc.rights© 2018 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.en_ZA
dc.subjectInfluenzaen_ZA
dc.subjectSouth Africa (SA)en_ZA
dc.subjectNeuraminidase inhibitor (NAI)en_ZA
dc.subjectOseltamivir susceptibilityen_ZA
dc.subjectZanamivir susceptibilityen_ZA
dc.titleReplacement of neuraminidase inhibitor-susceptible influenza A(H1N1) with resistant phenotype in 2008 and circulation of susceptible influenza A and B viruses during 2009-2013, South Africaen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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