32 Battalion : ex-combatants' reconstruction of livelihoods since 1993

Abstract

This research investigates the ways in which Angolan ex-combatants of 32 Battalion have been making a living since the disbandment of the unit in 1993. Moreover, it seeks to understand the reasons behind the ex-combatants’ insistence in remaining in Pomfret (North West) regardless of its deteriorating conditions as well as the South African government’s attempts to relocate them elsewhere. Intensive semi-structured interviews and participant observation were conducted in Pomfret with ten participants in Portuguese whilst making use of a recorder and note taking. Archived materials from Wits University were also used in order to supplement the interviews. Through the ‘African nationalist literature’ on askari, migration and the concept of home and ‘sense of community’ literature; the main argument is that the Angolan ex-combatants were always trying to find alternatives to secure their social and economic wellbeing away from home (Angola). After the disbandment of 32 Battalion, it was found that whilst some participants tried to find alternative jobs in the security industry, others did not and presently are surviving with their pension grants complimented with support from their children and assistance amongst themselves. The established bonds amongst themselves and the sense of entitlement to the houses as well as attachment to the cemetery is what’s tying them to Pomfret. The result suggests that the South African government needs to engage with the Pomfret residents so as to find a solution that would better the living conditions of the Angolan residents and the maintenance of the rehabilitation of the asbestos should be a priority to avoid more health complications amongst the residents. Moreover, basic social services such as water, electricity, mobile clinic and sanitation should be put in place.