Eryptosis : an erythrocyte’s suicidal type of cell death

dc.contributor.authorRepsold, Lisa
dc.contributor.authorJoubert, Annie M.
dc.contributor.emailannie.joubert@up.ac.zaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2018-03-28T11:47:49Z
dc.date.available2018-03-28T11:47:49Z
dc.date.issued2018-01-03
dc.description.abstractErythrocytes play an important role in oxygen and carbon dioxide transport. Although erythrocytes possess no nucleus or mitochondria, they fulfil severalmetabolic activities namely, the Embden-Meyerhof pathway, as well as the hexose monophosphate shunt. Metabolic processes within the erythrocyte contribute to the morphology/shape of the cell and important constituents are being kept in an active, reduced form. Erythrocytes undergo a form of suicidal cell death called eryptosis. Eryptosis results from a wide variety of contributors including hyperosmolarity, oxidative stress, and exposure to xenobiotics. Eryptosis occurs before the erythrocyte has had a chance to be naturally removed from the circulation after its 120-day lifespan and is characterised by the presence of membrane blebbing, cell shrinkage, and phosphatidylserine exposure that correspond to nucleated cell apoptotic characteristics. After eryptosis is triggered there is an increase in cytosolic calcium(Ca2+) ion levels.This increase causes activation of Ca2+-sensitive potassium (K+) channels which leads to a decrease in intracellular potassium chloride (KCl) and shrinkage of the erythrocyte. Ceramide, produced by sphingomyelinase from the cell membrane’s sphingomyelin, contributes to the occurrence of eryptosis. Eryptosis ensures healthy erythrocyte quantity in circulation whereas excessive eryptosismay set an environment for the clinical presence of pathophysiological conditions including anaemia.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentPhysiologyen_ZA
dc.description.librarianam2018en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThe National Research Foundation, Struwig-Germeshuysen Research Trust, the Medical Research Council of South Africa, the Cancer Association of South Africa and the School of Medicine Research Committee of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Pretoria.en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationRepsold, L. & Joubert, A.M. 2018, 'Eryptosis : an erythrocyte’s suicidal type of cell death', BioMed Research International, vol. 2018, art. no. ID 9405617, pp. 1-10.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn2314-6133 (print)
dc.identifier.issn2314-6141 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1155/2018/9405617
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/64339
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherHindawi Publishing Corporationen_ZA
dc.rights© 2018 Lisa Repsold and Anna Margaretha Joubert. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.en_ZA
dc.subjectErythrocytesen_ZA
dc.subjectAnaemiaen_ZA
dc.subjectEryptosisen_ZA
dc.subjectMetabolic processesen_ZA
dc.subjectBerghei infected miceen_ZA
dc.subjectRed blood cells (RBCs)en_ZA
dc.subjectPhosphatidylserine exposureen_ZA
dc.subjectHemolytic anemiaen_ZA
dc.subjectCation channelsen_ZA
dc.subjectPlasmodium falciparumen_ZA
dc.subjectBeta-thalassemiaen_ZA
dc.subjectIon channelsen_ZA
dc.subjectStimulationen_ZA
dc.subjectInhibitionen_ZA
dc.titleEryptosis : an erythrocyte’s suicidal type of cell deathen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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