pH-Based control of anaerobic digestion to maximise ammonium production in liquid digestate

dc.contributor.authorGonde, Lonestar
dc.contributor.authorWickham, Tristan
dc.contributor.authorBrink, Hendrik Gideon
dc.contributor.authorWillie, Nicol
dc.contributor.emailwillie.nicol@up.ac.zaen_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-10-17T11:09:59Z
dc.date.available2023-10-17T11:09:59Z
dc.date.issued2023-02
dc.descriptionDATA AVAILABILITY: The data presented in this manuscript is available on request from the corresponding author.en_US
dc.description.abstractA typically overlooked by-product of the anaerobic digestion process is the liquid digestate. The digestate is generally high in valuable nutrients like nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus, which are essential for plant growth. This indicates that digestate can be an effective fertilizer. In this study, the pH of the anaerobic digestion process was controlled at three different set points (6, 7, and 8) for three different substrates (banana peels, cow dung, and red lentils) in order to determine the ammonium release characteristics at each set point. This was achieved by using two different set-ups; one set-up, named the daily dosing set-up (DDS), incorporated pH corrections once a day, and the other set-up, named the continuous dosing set-up (CDS), corrected the pH every minute. It was discovered that a pH of 7 is the optimal set point for both ammonium release as well as the gas production rate. In terms of a comparative analysis between precise pH control being performed every minute and pH control that was performed once a day, there were differences present in the gas production profiles with the CDS providing enhanced rates compared to the DDS. However, there was a negligible difference in the ammonium release rate.en_US
dc.description.departmentChemical Engineeringen_US
dc.description.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/wateren_US
dc.identifier.citationGonde, L.; Wickham, T.; Brink, H.G.; Nicol, W. pH-Based Control of Anaerobic Digestion to Maximise Ammonium Production in Liquid Digestate. Water 2023, 15, 417. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15030.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2073-4441 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.3390/w15030417
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/92933
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.rights© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).en_US
dc.subjectAnaerobic digestionen_US
dc.subjectDigestateen_US
dc.subjectFertilizeren_US
dc.subjectAmmoniumen_US
dc.titlepH-Based control of anaerobic digestion to maximise ammonium production in liquid digestateen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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