Value-in-use model for chlorination of titania feedstocks

dc.contributor.authorMaharajh, S.
dc.contributor.authorMuller, Jacques
dc.contributor.authorZietsman, Johannes Hendrik
dc.date.accessioned2015-10-09T06:09:30Z
dc.date.available2015-10-09T06:09:30Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractIn the chlorination process for TiO2 pigment production, blends of titania feedstocks such as ilmenite, synthetic rutile (SR), natural rutile, upgraded slag, and chloride-grade slag are reacted with coke and chlorine at a temperature of around 1000°C to form TiCl4, which is the main product, and other waste metal chlorides. TiCl4 is the main feed material for the TiO2 pigment-making process. Feeding different titania materials to the chlorinator affects the amounts of coke and chlorine required for the process, the amount of waste generated, waste disposal costs, the amount of TiCl4 produced, and bed build-up rates. These factors influence the value of the feedstock. Generally, a higher TiO2 feedstock is more valued since less waste is generated and less reagents are consumed. To quantify the impact of different feedstocks on the chlorinator, a techno-economic model was developed to describe the chlorination process and estimate process variables at steady state. This paper describes the development of the model and studies in which the model has been used to quantify the effects of using different feedstocks.en_ZA
dc.description.librarianam2015en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.saimm.co.za/journal-papersen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMaharajh, S, Muller, J & Zietsman, JH 2015, 'Value-in-use model for chlorination of titania feedstocks', Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, vol. 115, no. 5, pp. 33-50.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn0038-223X (print)
dc.identifier.issn2225-6253 (online)
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/50191
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherSouthern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgyen_ZA
dc.rights© The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2015en_ZA
dc.subjectPigment productionen_ZA
dc.subjectTiCl4en_ZA
dc.subjectClorinatoren_ZA
dc.subjectDisposal costsen_ZA
dc.subjectFeedingen_ZA
dc.subjectTitania feedstocksen_ZA
dc.subject.otherEngineering, built environment and information technology articles SDG-04
dc.subject.otherSDG-04: Quality education
dc.subject.otherEngineering, built environment and information technology articles SDG-09
dc.subject.otherSDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructure
dc.subject.otherEngineering, built environment and information technology articles SDG-12
dc.subject.otherSDG-12: Responsible consumption and production
dc.titleValue-in-use model for chlorination of titania feedstocksen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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