Safety and effect of creatine monohydrate supplementation

dc.contributor.advisorKruger, P.E. (Pieter Ernst)
dc.contributor.emailfrance.rossouw@up.ac.za
dc.contributor.postgraduateRossouw, France
dc.date.accessioned2014-01-09T11:13:13Z
dc.date.available2014-01-09T11:13:13Z
dc.date.created2013-09-05
dc.date.issued2013
dc.descriptionThesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2013.en_US
dc.description.abstractCreatine (Cr) is a nitrogen-containing compound endogenously synthesised in the kidneys, liver and pancreas from the amino acid arginine, with further additions from glycine and methionine. Optimal levels of muscle Cr and PCr may delay the onset of fatigue during muscle contraction that relies on the ATP-PCr energy system. Cr supplementation is considered necessary to increase skeletal muscle’s capacity to generate energy quickly, thereby enhancing maximal exercise performance. Researchers have paid little attention to the effect of Cr supplementation on aerobic endurance performance. Cr supplementation is also associated with an enhanced cellular anabolic state that may potentially prevent or lessen muscle atrophy associated with high-mileage training in ultradistance runners. The aim of this research was to investigate the ergogenic effects and safety of Cr supplementation over the short-, moderate-, and long term. For this purpose two population groups of interest were identified, namely well-trained male ultradistance runners and highly active male university students. Seventeen well-trained male ultradistance runners were paired and then, in a double-blind fashion, assigned to either a group consuming Cr monohydrate (CRE group; 38 ± 7.8 yrs; n = 9) or a group consuming placebo (PLA group; 37 ± 8.2 yrs; n = 8). Participants ingested 6 g/day supplement for six days. After post-test 1 (on day 7), the maintenance dosage was ingested at 3 g/day for 9 weeks. Participants adhered to an individually-tailored, high-intensity, high-volume sport-specific training programme.en_US
dc.description.availabilityunrestricteden_US
dc.description.departmentBiokinetics, Sport and Leisure Sciencesen_US
dc.description.librariangm2013en_US
dc.identifier.citationRossouw, F. 2013, Safety and effect of creatine monohydrate supplementation, PhD thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd <http://hdl.handle.net/2263/32947>en_US
dc.identifier.otherD13/9/986/gmen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/32947
dc.language.isoEngen_US
dc.publisherUniversity of Pretoriaen_ZA
dc.rights© 2013 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoriaen_US
dc.subjectCreatine monohydrateen_US
dc.subjectUCTDen_US
dc.titleSafety and effect of creatine monohydrate supplementationen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US

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