Prevalence and risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in Eritrea

dc.contributor.authorGhebremariam, Michael K.
dc.contributor.authorRutten, Victor P.M.G.
dc.contributor.authorVernooij, J.C.M.
dc.contributor.authorUqbazghi, K.
dc.contributor.authorTesfaalem, T.
dc.contributor.authorButsuamlak, T.
dc.contributor.authorIdris, A.M.
dc.contributor.authorNielen, M.
dc.contributor.authorMichel, Anita Luise
dc.date.accessioned2016-06-09T06:52:37Z
dc.date.available2016-06-09T06:52:37Z
dc.date.issued2016-05-25
dc.descriptionAdditional file 1: Frequency of skin thickness (mm) after 72 h post inoculation in both the avian and bovine sites and the differences within the two (Bovine 72 h - Avian 72 h). The first two columns show the skin thicknesses on the avian site of injection after 72 h of the PPD-A inoculation and their frequencies (frq). The following four columns show the skin thicknesses on the bovine site of injection after 72 h of PPD-B inoculation and their frequencies. The following six columns show the skin thickness differences on the bovine sites versus avian sites of injection after 72 h of inoculations of both PPD-A and PPD-B (PPD-B minus PPD-A) and their subsequent frequencies.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND : The prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in dairy cattle in the three major milk producing regions of Eritrea was assessed by subjecting 15,354 dairy cattle, 50 % of Eritrea’s dairy cattle population, to the single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICTT). Skin test results were interpreted according to guidelines of the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) with >4 mm as cutoff in skin thickness increase. In addition, we studied the relation between ‘physiological’ variables related to pregnancy and lactation, and the variable ‘region’ on the probability to be skin test positive. RESULTS : The BTB prevalences at animal and herd levels were: 21.5 % and 40.9 % in Maekel, 7.3 % and 10 % in Debub, and 0.2 % and 1.6 % in the Anseba region, respectively. Overall, in the regions included, prevalence was 11. 3 % (confidence interval (CI) 95 % CI, 11.29 – 11.31 %) and 17.3 % (95 % CI, 17.27–17.33 %), at animal and herd level, respectively. Considering positive herds only, the animal BTB prevalence was 36.8 %, 30.1 %, and 1.8 %, in Maekel, Debub and Anseba, respectively, and the overall animal prevalence within these herds was 32 %. In adult dairy cattle the probability of positive reactivity in the SICTT test was highest in pregnant animals as compared to the other categories. CONCLUSION : This study reports persistent prevalence of BTB as defined by positive SICTT in the dairy sector of Eritrea, especially in the regions of Maekel and Debub that are located in the central highlands of the country. To our understanding this is the first report that has encompassed all the major dairy farms in Eritrea and it will be instrumental in advocating future BTB control programs in the dairy sector.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentVeterinary Tropical Diseasesen_ZA
dc.description.librarianam2016en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipNUFFIC and the Ministry of Agriculture, Eritrea.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcvetresen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationGhebremariam, MK, Rutten, VPMG, Vernooij, JCM, Uqbazghi, K, Tesfaalem, T, Butsuamlak, T, Idris, AM, Nielen, M & Michel, AL 2016, 'Prevalence and risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in Eritrea', BMC Veterinary Research, vol. 12, art. no. 80, pp. 1-7.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1746-6148
dc.identifier.other10.1186/s12917-016-0705-9
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/52915
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_ZA
dc.rights© 2016 The Author(s). Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.en_ZA
dc.subjectBovine tuberculosisen_ZA
dc.subjectPrevalenceen_ZA
dc.subjectComparative tuberculin testen_ZA
dc.subjectDairy cattle -- Diseasesen_ZA
dc.subjectEritreaen_ZA
dc.subjectSingle intradermal comparative tuberculin testen_ZA
dc.subjectBTB
dc.titlePrevalence and risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in Eritreaen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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