A cooling water system as a biofilm reactor for the treatment of municipal water

dc.contributor.authorCloete, T.E. (Thomas Eugene), 1958-
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Z.
dc.contributor.authorSaayman, Gert
dc.contributor.emaileugene.cloete@up.ac.zaen
dc.date.accessioned2007-08-29T09:55:24Z
dc.date.available2007-08-29T09:55:24Z
dc.date.issued1999-07
dc.description.abstractIn this study, a water cooling tower was used as a low-rate biofilm reactor for treating municipal wastewater. The performance of the system was evaluated at three different flow rates. The biofilm reactor gave the best results at a flow rate of 1.6l/s, namely 43.3% nitrogen removal, 42.3% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, 1.7% phosphorus removal and 39.8% suspended solids (SS) removal. These results were achieved with a once-through flow and low organic and hydraulic loads. This type of biofilter system is being used in West Malaysia to treat municipal effluents. Our system performance was capable of treating municipal wastewater to meet general effluent standards in South Africa (Government Gazette, 1984). This is sufficient for treating effluent for a population equivalent of 2 800 people.en
dc.format.extent352224 bytes
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationCloete, TE, Smith, Z & Saayman, G 1999, A cooling water system as a biofilm reactor for the treatment of municipal water, Water SA, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 371-375. [http://www.wrc.org.za/publications_watersa.htm]en
dc.identifier.issn1816-7950
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/3370
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherWater Research Councilen
dc.rightsWRCen
dc.subjectWastewater treatmenten
dc.subjectBiofilm reactoren
dc.subject.lcshMunicipal water supply
dc.subject.lcshSewage disposal plants
dc.subject.lcshSewage -- Purification
dc.subject.lcshCooling towers
dc.subject.lcshBiofilms
dc.subject.lcshEffluent quality
dc.titleA cooling water system as a biofilm reactor for the treatment of municipal wateren
dc.typeArticleen

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