Low genetic diversity and strong geographic structure in introduced populations of the Eucalyptus foliar pathogen Teratosphaeria destructans

dc.contributor.authorHavenga, Minette
dc.contributor.authorWingfield, Brenda D.
dc.contributor.authorWingfield, Michael J.
dc.contributor.authorDreyer, Leanne Laurette
dc.contributor.authorRoets, Francois
dc.contributor.authorChen, ShuaiFei
dc.contributor.authorAylward, Janneke
dc.contributor.emailhavenga.minette@fabi.up.ac.zaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-31T12:21:51Z
dc.date.issued2020-10
dc.descriptionSupporting Information: Figure S1. Genotype accumulation curve for Teratosphaeria destructans. Nine loci were sufficient to identify 100% (red dashed line) of the multilocus genotypes (MLGs) present in the clone-corrected data set.en_ZA
dc.descriptionFigure S2. Rarefaction curve to calculate the expected multilocus genotypes (eMLG) in five Teratosphaeria destructans populations, indicative of genotypic richness.en_ZA
dc.descriptionFigure S3. Structure plot for Teratosphaeria destructans isolates from six geographic populations. The optimal number of genetic clusters (ΔK) = 3. Each vertical bar represents one individual.en_ZA
dc.descriptionTable S1. Sampling information and the MAT1 idiomorph, multilocus genotype (MLG), and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) cluster identity for 195 Teratosphaeria destructans isolates.en_ZA
dc.descriptionTable S2. Probability of the occurrence and repeated occurrence of multilocus genotypes (MLGs) in the Teratosphaeria destructans data set, calculated in MLGsim v. 2.0.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractThe aggressive Eucalyptus leaf pathogen, Teratosphaeria destructans, causes widespread damage in tropical and subtropical Eucalyptus‐growing regions of Indonesia, China, Thailand, East Timor, Vietnam, Lao, and South Africa. Little is known regarding the origin, pathways of dispersal, or reproductive biology of this pathogen. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic structure of a global collection of T. destructans isolates. This was achieved by developing and using polymorphic microsatellite markers. Low genotypic diversity and a limited number of private alleles were found in all investigated populations, with the highest maximum diversity of 10.7% in isolates from South Sumatra. This supports the hypothesis that T. destructans was introduced to these regions. High levels of clonality were common in all populations, especially in isolates sampled from the recent disease outbreak in South Africa, which were all identical. The global collection of isolates grouped into three distinct clusters, corresponding largely to their sampled regions. Low levels of genotypic diversity, high levels of clonality, and strong geographic structure suggest independent introductions into all the sampled areas from an unknown source. The results imply that strict biosecurity measures are needed to avoid introductions of additional genotypes in these areas.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentBiochemistryen_ZA
dc.description.departmentForestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI)en_ZA
dc.description.departmentGeneticsen_ZA
dc.description.departmentMicrobiology and Plant Pathologyen_ZA
dc.description.embargo2021-06-29
dc.description.librarianhj2020en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThe National Research Foundation of South Africa (NRF; grant number 11824); Department of Science and Technology (DST) –NRF Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB); members of the Tree Protection Co‐operative program (TPCP); the SARChI Chair in Fungal Genomics (grant number 98353); the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (grant number 2012DFG31830); and a UP Doctoral Research Bursary.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/13653059en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationHavenga M, Wingfield BD, Wingfield MJ, et al. Low genetic diversity and strong geographic structure in introduced populations of the Eucalyptus foliar pathogen Teratosphaeria destructans. Plant Pathology 2020;69(8):1540-1550. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.13235.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn0032-0862 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1365-3059 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1111/ppa.13235
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/75990
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherWileyen_ZA
dc.rights© 2020 British Society for Plant Pathology. This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article : Low genetic diversity and strong geographic structure in introduced populations of the Eucalyptus foliar pathogen Teratosphaeria destructans. Plant Pathology 2020;69(8):1540-1550. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.13235. The definite version is available at : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/13653059.en_ZA
dc.subjectAsexual reproductionen_ZA
dc.subjectFoliar pathogenen_ZA
dc.subjectMicrosatellite markersen_ZA
dc.subjectPopulation geneticsen_ZA
dc.titleLow genetic diversity and strong geographic structure in introduced populations of the Eucalyptus foliar pathogen Teratosphaeria destructansen_ZA
dc.typePostprint Articleen_ZA

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