Barriers to implementing the national framework for municipal indigent policies in Eastern Cape municipalities, South Africa : an ambiguity-conflict model perspective

Abstract

This study examined the barriers to implementing the National Framework for Municipal Indigent Policies (NFMIP) in Eastern Cape Municipalities. The study employed a qualitative research approach with a multiple case study design. Data was gathered from a representative sample of 21 participants as a result of data saturation through structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. The study revealed eight main challenges negatively affecting the NFMIP, namely stringent documentation and verification processes, failure to stipulate how to deal with child-headed households, inadequate focus on delivering sufficient services, failure to recognise rural indigents’ needs, lack of clarity concerning infrastructure development, political squabbles, lack of funding, obsolete infrastructure, and lack of administrative. When analysed through Matland’s Ambiguity-Conflict Model, the study findings illustrate that some barriers stem from technical and bureaucratic inefficiencies, while others are rooted in political conflicts and structural weaknesses. This article contributes to the body of knowledge on the persistent and context-specific barriers hindering the effective implementation of the National Framework for Municipal Indigent Policies in Eastern Cape municipalities. Additionally, by employing Matland’s Ambiguity-Conflict Model as an analytical lens, the research advances understanding of how technical inefficiencies, political dynamics, and structural limitations intersect to impede policy implementation. The findings offer practical and policy-relevant recommendations to improve service delivery to indigent populations.