Effect of palm kernel expeller as supplementation on production performance of Jersey cows grazing kikuyu-ryegrass pasture

dc.contributor.authorVan Wyngaard, Josef de Villiers
dc.contributor.authorMeeske, R.
dc.contributor.authorErasmus, Lourens Jacobus
dc.date.accessioned2015-03-27T08:18:36Z
dc.date.available2015-03-27T08:18:36Z
dc.date.issued2015-01
dc.description.abstractThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of different inclusion levels of palm kernel expeller (PKE) in dairy concentrates for grazing Jersey cows on lactation performance and rumen fermentation patterns. Forty-eight multiparous, Jersey cows, grazing kikuyu-ryegrass during spring, were blocked according to 4% fat corrected milk, days in milk and lactation number and randomly allocated to three treatments based on PKE level in the concentrate. The PKE inclusion in the control (C), low PKE (LP), and high PKE (HP) treatment concentrates was 0, 200, and 400 g/kg, respectively, and was fed for a 60 d period, preceded by a 21 d adaptation period. The PKE partially substituted some of the maize and soybean in the concentrate. Additionally, eight rumen-fistulated, lactating dairy cows were randomly allocated to the C and HP treatment in a two period cross-over design. Cows received 6 kg (as is) concentrate per day divided over two milkings and strip-grazed pasture as one group.Milk yield and milk fat content did not differ between treatments and were 21.3, 21.3 and 20.7 kg/cow/d and 46.3, and 46.5, and 46.6 g/kg for the C, LP and HP treatment, respectively. Milk protein, milk urea nitrogen, body weight and body condition score did not differ between cows on all treatments. Total volatile fatty acid, mean ruminal pH, ammonia nitrogen, and in situ pasture dry matter and neutral detergent fibre degradability did not differ between cows on all treatments. The acetic to propionic acid ratio was higher (P=0.006) for cows receiving treatment HP compared to cows receiving treatment C (3.40 vs. 3.22). It was concluded that PKE can sustain milk yield and milk fat components at a level of up to 400 g/kg of concentrate when fed at 6 kg/cow/d to cows grazing kikuyu-ryegrass pasture. A more practical recommendation might be to limit PKE to 200 g/kg of concentrate due to potential palatability problems and a slow rate of intake when fed during milking in the parlour.en_ZA
dc.description.librarianhb2015en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipWestern Cape Agricultural Research Trust, Research and Technology Development Services of the Department of Agriculture Western Cape and to the Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences at the University of Pretoria.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.elsevier.com/locate/anifeedscien_ZA
dc.identifier.citationVan Wyngaard, JDV, Meeske, R & Erasmus, LJ 2015, 'Effect of palm kernel expeller as supplementation on production performance of Jersey cows grazing kikuyu-ryegrass pasture', Animal Feed Science and Technology, vol. 199, pp. 29-40.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn0377-8401 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1873-2216 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.10.017
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/44197
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherElsevieren_ZA
dc.rights© 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Animal Feed Science and Technology. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Animal Feed Science and Technology, vol. 199, pp. 29-40, 2015. doi : 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.10.017.en_ZA
dc.subjectBy-producten_ZA
dc.subjectFibre-based concentrateen_ZA
dc.subjectMilk productionen_ZA
dc.subjectMilk compositionen_ZA
dc.subjectRumen fermentationen_ZA
dc.subjectPalm kernel expeller (PKE)en_ZA
dc.subjectNeutral detergent fibre (NDF)en_ZA
dc.titleEffect of palm kernel expeller as supplementation on production performance of Jersey cows grazing kikuyu-ryegrass pastureen_ZA
dc.typePostprint Articleen_ZA

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