The evolution of South African wastewater effluent parameters and their regulation : a brief history of the drivers, institutions, needs and challenges

dc.contributor.authorWall, Kevin
dc.contributor.emailkevin.wall@up.ac.zaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2019-05-20T09:20:26Z
dc.date.available2019-05-20T09:20:26Z
dc.date.issued2018-11-29
dc.description.abstractUnderstanding the historical context of sanitation provision and wastewater disposal is essential to understanding its regulation. The aim of this article was to provide that context for South Africa, interweaving the story with social, institutional, policy and technological developments over more than two centuries. Given that so much was initially developed in Europe or encountered in Europe, it was subsequently adapted for use in South Africa. The article begins in earnest with the population disruptions which accompanied the Industrial Revolution, drawing parallels between the scale of these disruptions and the 20th- and 21st-century mass urbanisation in the developing world. Thereafter the article dealt exclusively with South Africa, highlighting the major reversal of policy in the mid-20th century, prior to which time wastewater could not be discharged to watercourses, whereafter treated wastewater could only be discharged to watercourses. The article then spelt out some key current regulations, especially with respect to the skills required, and some difficulties in applying the regulations.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentConstruction Economicsen_ZA
dc.description.librarianam2019en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.td-sa.neten_ZA
dc.identifier.citationWall, K., 2018, ‘The evolution of South African wastewater effluent parameters and their regulation: A brief history of the drivers, institutions, needs and challenges’, The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa 14(1), a581. https://DOI.org/10.4102/td.v14i1.581.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1817-4434 (print)
dc.identifier.issn2415-2005 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.4102/td.v14i1.581
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/69165
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherAOSIS Open Journalsen_ZA
dc.rights© 2018. The Authors. Licensee: AOSIS. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.en_ZA
dc.subjectWastewateren_ZA
dc.subjectRegulationen_ZA
dc.subjectSouth Africa (SA)en_ZA
dc.subjectEffluent parametersen_ZA
dc.subjectHistoryen_ZA
dc.subjectDriversen_ZA
dc.subjectChallengesen_ZA
dc.subjectNeedsen_ZA
dc.subjectInstitutionsen_ZA
dc.titleThe evolution of South African wastewater effluent parameters and their regulation : a brief history of the drivers, institutions, needs and challengesen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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