Orexinergic bouton density is lower in the cerebral cortex of cetaceans compared to artiodactyls

dc.contributor.authorDell, Leigh-Anne
dc.contributor.authorSpocter, Muhammad A.
dc.contributor.authorPatzke, Nina
dc.contributor.authorKarlson, Karl Æ.
dc.contributor.authorAlagaili, Abdulaziz N.
dc.contributor.authorBennett, Nigel Charles
dc.contributor.authorMuhammed, Osama B.
dc.contributor.authorBertelsen, Mads F.
dc.contributor.authorSiegel, Jerome M.
dc.contributor.authorManger, Paul R.
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-01T07:21:05Z
dc.date.issued2015-10
dc.description.abstractThe species of the cetacean and artiodactyl suborders, which make up the cetartiodactyl order, have very different arousal thresholds and sleep-wake systems. The aim of this study was to determine whether cetaceans or artiodactyls have differently organized orexinergic arousal systems by examining the density of orexinergic innervation to the cerebral cortex. This study provides a comparison of orexinergic bouton density in the cerebral cortex of twelve cetartiodactyl species by means of immunohistochemical staining and stereological analysis. It was observed that the morphology of the axonal projections of the orexinergic system to the cerebral cortex was similar across all species, as the presence, size and proportion of large and small orexinergic boutons were similar. Despite this, orexinergic bouton density was lower in the cerebral cortex of cetaceans compared to artiodactyls, even when corrected for brain mass, neuron density, glial density and glial: neuron ratio. Glial density was identified as the major determinant for the observed differences. It appears a synergy exists between the orexinergic neurons and their projections, glial cells, and the biochemical correlates of appetitive drive and arousal, but further studies need to be performed to understand the full extent of the orexinergic system and its role in sustained arousal.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentMammal Research Instituteen_ZA
dc.description.departmentZoology and Entomologyen_ZA
dc.description.embargo2016-10-31
dc.description.librarianhb2016en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was mainly supported by funding from the South African National Research Foundation (P.R.M., N.C.B.) and by a fellowship within the Postdoctoral-Program of the German Academic Exchange Service, DAAD (N.P.). The work was also supported by an IOER R&G Grant from Des Moines University (#12- 13-03) (M.A.S.), Reykjavik University 2010 Development Fund (K.Æ.K.), the Deanship of Scientific Research at the King Saud University through the research group project number RGP_020 (A.N.A., O.B.M.), and NIH grant DA 2R01MH064109 and the Department of Veterans Affairs (J.M.S).en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.elsevier.com/locate/jchemneuen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationDell, L-A, Spocter, MA, Patzke, N, Karlson, KÆ, Alagaili, AN, Bennett, NC, Muhammed, OB, Bertelsen, MF, Siegler, JM & Manger, PR 2015, 'Orexinergic bouton density is lower in the cerebral cortex of cetaceans compared to artiodactyls', Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy, vol. 68, pp. 61-76.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn0891-0618 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1873-6300 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.07.007
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/56146
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherElsevieren_ZA
dc.rights© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy, vol. 68, pp. 61-76, 2015. doi : 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.07.007.en_ZA
dc.subjectCetartiodactylaen_ZA
dc.subjectOrexinen_ZA
dc.subjectHypocretinen_ZA
dc.subjectComparative neuroanatomyen_ZA
dc.subjectEvolutionen_ZA
dc.subjectComparative sleepen_ZA
dc.subjectMammaliaen_ZA
dc.titleOrexinergic bouton density is lower in the cerebral cortex of cetaceans compared to artiodactylsen_ZA
dc.typePostprint Articleen_ZA

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