Physical activity resource needs of occupational therapists in primary public health care in Gauteng, South Africa

Abstract

INTRODUCTION : Resource constraints in primary health care settings in South Africa give rise to challenges for occupational therapists. This study aimed to determine the physical activity resource needs (including objects used and space demands) of occupational therapists in the primary health care context of Gauteng, South Africa.

METHOD : A qualitative, descriptive research design was used. The participants were occupational therapists working in primary health care settings in Gauteng. Convenience and snowball sampling were used. Data were collected through two online asynchronised focus groups, conducted over three days each. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.

FINDINGS : Findings included the resource constraints experienced by occupational therapists and how the occupational therapists' adaptability helped them overcome these constraints. Space, resources for basic and instrumental activities of daily living, assistive devices, Bobath plinths and recyclable and low-cost materials were identified as being particularly useful physical activity resource needs.

CONCLUSION : Although limited physical activity resources were available in the settings, therapists' skills in adaptability proved useful in using unconventional resources instead. This study's results identify physical resources deemed as most useful to provide occupational therapy services in primary health care. Furthermore, the results provide information to the education faculty in order to adapt the undergraduate curriculum to better prepare occupational therapy students for practice in primary health care.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE :

• The findings can be communicated to management of primary health care facilities in order to procure or advocate for the procurement of resources deemed as essential in primary health care practice contexts.

• Innovation, problem-solving and adaptability can be valuable characteristics used in professional reasoning that may enable occupational therapists to overcome physical resource barriers.

• Faculty at tertiary educational institutions may utilise the findings in order to adapt curriculums to better prepare occupational therapists for work in the South African primary health care context.

• Occupational therapy students should gain experience in developing and adapting activities using recyclable and reusable materials for diverse clients, including children and adults.