Latent class evaluation of the performance of serological tests for exposure to Brucella spp. in cattle, sheep, and goats in Tanzania

dc.contributor.authorBodenham, Rebecca F.
dc.contributor.authorMazeriI, Stella
dc.contributor.authorCleaveland, Sarah
dc.contributor.authorCrumpI, John A.
dc.contributor.authorFasina, Folorunso Oludayo
dc.contributor.authorDe Glanville, William A.
dc.contributor.authorHaydon, Daniel T.
dc.contributor.authorKazwala, Rudovick R.
dc.contributor.authorKibona, Tito J.
dc.contributor.authorMaro, Venance P.
dc.contributor.authorMaze, Michael J.
dc.contributor.authorMmbaga, Blandina T.
dc.contributor.authorMtui-Malamsha, Niwael J.
dc.contributor.authorShirima, Gabriel M.
dc.contributor.authorSwai, Emanuel S.
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Kate M.
dc.contributor.authordeC. Bronsvoort, Barend M.
dc.contributor.authorDeC. Bronsvoort, Barend M.
dc.contributor.authorHalliday, Jo E. B.
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-17T07:50:09Z
dc.date.available2022-03-17T07:50:09Z
dc.date.issued2021-08
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND : Brucellosis is a neglected zoonosis endemic in many countries, including regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Evaluated diagnostic tools for the detection of exposure to Brucella spp. are important for disease surveillance and guiding prevention and control activities. METHODS AND FINDINGS : Bayesian latent class analysis was used to evaluate performance of the Rose Bengal plate test (RBT) and a competitive ELISA (cELISA) in detecting Brucella spp. exposure at the individual animal-level for cattle, sheep, and goats in Tanzania. Median posterior estimates of RBT sensitivity were: 0.779 (95% Bayesian credibility interval (BCI): 0.570–0.894), 0.893 (0.636–0.989), and 0.807 (0.575–0.966), and for cELISA were: 0.623 (0.443–0.790), 0.409 (0.241–0.644), and 0.561 (0.376–0.713), for cattle, sheep, and goats, respectively. Sensitivity BCIs were wide, with the widest for cELISA in sheep. RBT and cELISA median posterior estimates of specificity were high across species models: RBT ranged between 0.989 (0.980–0.998) and 0.995 (0.985–0.999), and cELISA between 0.984 (0.974–0.995) and 0.996 (0.988–1). Each species model generated seroprevalence estimates for two livestock subpopulations, pastoralist and non-pastoralist. Pastoralist seroprevalence estimates were: 0.063 (0.045–0.090), 0.033 (0.018–0.049), and 0.051 (0.034–0.076), for cattle, sheep, and goats, respectively. Non-pastoralist seroprevalence estimates were below 0.01 for all species models. Series and parallel diagnostic approaches were evaluated. Parallel outperformed a series approach. Median posterior estimates for parallel testing were ≥0.920 (0.760-0.986) for sensitivity and ≥0.973 (0.955-0.992) for specificity, for all species models. CONCLUSIONS : Our findings indicate that Brucella spp. surveillance in Tanzania using RBT and cELISA in parallel at the animal-level would give high test performance. There is a need to evaluate strategies for implementing parallel testing at the herd- and flock-level. Our findings can assist in generating robust Brucella spp. exposure estimates for livestock in Tanzania and wider sub-Saharan Africa. The adoption of locally evaluated robust diagnostic tests in setting-specific surveillance is an important step towards brucellosis prevention and control.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentVeterinary Tropical Diseasesen_ZA
dc.description.librarianpm2022en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThe UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Department for International Development (DFID), the Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC), the Medical Research Council (MRC), the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Defence Science & Technology Laboratory under the Zoonoses and Emerging Livestock Systems programme, Zoonoses and Emerging Livestock Systems – Associated Studentship programme, US National Institutes of Health-National (NIH) Science Foundation Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease program, UK BBSRC , the US NIH, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases through Investigating Febrile Deaths in Tanzania (INDITe) and the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Grants.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://journals.plos.org/plosntdsen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationBodenham, R.F., Mazeri, S., Cleaveland, S., Crump, J.A., Fasina, F.O., De Glanville, W.A, et al. (2021) Latent class evaluation of the performance of serological tests for exposure to Brucella spp. in cattle, sheep, and goats in Tanzania. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15(8): e0009630. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009630.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1935-2727 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1935-2735 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1371/ journal.pntd.0009630
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/84526
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.rights© 2021 Bodenham et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.en_ZA
dc.subjectDomestic animalsen_ZA
dc.subjectSerological testen_ZA
dc.subjectTanzaniaen_ZA
dc.subjectBayesian latent class analysisen_ZA
dc.subjectRose Bengal plate test (RBT)en_ZA
dc.subjectCompetitive ELISA (cELISA)en_ZA
dc.subjectBrucella spp.en_ZA
dc.subject.otherVeterinary science articles SDG-01en_ZA
dc.subject.otherSDG-01: No poverty
dc.titleLatent class evaluation of the performance of serological tests for exposure to Brucella spp. in cattle, sheep, and goats in Tanzaniaen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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