The Retief massacre of 6 February 1838 revisited

dc.contributor.authorGrobler, Jackie
dc.date.accessioned2011-11-07T11:58:39Z
dc.date.available2011-11-07T11:58:39Z
dc.date.issued2011-11
dc.description.abstractThis article has a threefold purpose. Firstly, it reconstructs the events that took place on 6 February 1838 when the Voortrekker leader Piet Retief and his companions were massacred at Mgungundlovu, the stronghold of the Zulu king, Dingane. Secondly it analyses the reasons that could have convinced Dingane that it would be wise to order his warriors to kill Retief and his men; and thirdly, it sets out to establish the historical significance of the massacre. Afrikaans historians in particular have traditionally portrayed Retief and his men as the victims of unpardonable treachery on the part of an evil barbarian. This article shows that the massacre was indeed a vile act; the brutality and the sly, underhanded way in which it was planned and executed is unjustifiable. On the other hand, the article points out that Dingane was certainly justified to look upon the Voortrekkers as a grave threat to the sovereignty of his kingdom. He and his councillors had reason to regard the unsuspecting Retief and his companions as invaders. The massacre can therefore be regarded as the first salvo in what became a two-year battle for supremacy between Zulu and Voortrekker in southern KwaZulu-Natal.en_US
dc.description.abstractHierdie artikel het ’n drievoudige doelwit: eerstens ’n rekonstruksie van die gebeure toe die Voortrekkerleier Piet Retief en sy metgeselle op 6 Februarie 1838 by Mgungundlovu, die vesting van die Zoeloekoning Dingane, afgemaai is; tweedens ’n ontleding van die redes waarom die Zoeloekoning gereken het dat dit wys sal wees om Retief en sy metgeselle te laat vermoor; en derdens ’n bepaling van die historiese betekenis van die gebeure. Veral Afrikaanse historici het tradisioneel vir Retief en sy manne kortweg uitgebeeld as die slagoffers van onverdedigbare verraderlikheid van die kant van ’n bose barbaar. Hierdie artikel beeld ook die bloedbad as ’n verskriklike gebeurtenis uit en die brutaliteit en gemeenheid van die beplanning en uitvoering daarvan as onregverdigbaar. Aan die ander kant word daar aangetoon dat Dingane beslis gronde gehad het om die Voortrekkers as ’n ernstige bedreiging vir die soewereiniteit van sy koninkryk te beskou. Hy en sy raadgewers het rede gehad om Retief, wat deur sy goedgelowigheid in hulle hande gespeel het, en sy manne as invallers te beskou. Die bloedbad kan gevolglik beskou word as die eerste salvo in wat ’n twee-jaar-lange stryd om oppergesag tussen Zoeloe en Voortrekker in die suide van KwaZulu-Natal geword het.en_US
dc.description.urihttp://www.journals.co.za/ej/ejour_hist.htmlen_US
dc.identifier.citationGrobler, J 2011, 'The Retief massacre of 6 February 1838 revisited', Historia, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 113–132.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0018-229X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/17518
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherHistorical Association of South Africaen_US
dc.rightsHistorical Association of South Africaen_US
dc.subjectPiet Retiefen_US
dc.subjectGreat Treken_US
dc.subjectVoortrekkersen_US
dc.subjectDinganeen_US
dc.subjectMgungundlovuen_US
dc.subjectNdlelaen_US
dc.subjectDambuzaen_US
dc.subjectFrancis Owenen_US
dc.subjectAlan Gardineren_US
dc.subjectWilliam Wooden_US
dc.subjectSekonyelaen_US
dc.subjectMzilikazien_US
dc.subjectThomas Halsteaden_US
dc.subjectKwa-Matiwaneen_US
dc.subjectRetief–Dingane Treatyen_US
dc.subject.lcshZulu (African people)en
dc.subject.lcshZulu (African people) -- Kings and rulersen
dc.subject.lcshSouth Africa -- History -- Great Trek, 1836-1840en
dc.titleThe Retief massacre of 6 February 1838 revisiteden_US
dc.title.alternativeDie Retief moord op 6 February 1838 - ’n herbeskouingen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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