Monitoring of atmospheric gaseous and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in South African platinum mines utilising portable denuder sampling with analysis by thermal desorption-comprehensive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

dc.contributor.authorGeldenhuys, Genna-Leigh
dc.contributor.authorRohwer, Egmont Richard
dc.contributor.authorNaude, Yvette
dc.contributor.authorForbes, Patricia B.C.
dc.contributor.emailpatricia.forbes@up.ac.zaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2017-02-09T08:35:57Z
dc.date.available2017-02-09T08:35:57Z
dc.date.issued2015-02
dc.description.abstractConcentrations of diesel particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in platinum mine environments are likely to be higher than in ambient air due to the use of diesel machinery in confined environments. Airborne PAHs may be present in gaseous or particle phases each of which has different human health impacts due to their ultimate fate in the body. Here we report on the simultaneous sampling of both phases of airborne PAHs for the first time in underground platinum mines in South Africa, which was made possible by employing small, portable denuder sampling devices consisting of two polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) multi-channel traps connected in series separated by a quartz fibre filter, which only require small, battery operated portable personal sampling pumps for air sampling. Thermal desorption coupled with comprehensive gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (TD–GC × GC–TofMS) was used to analyse denuder samples taken in three different platinum mines. The samples from a range of underground environments revealed that PAHs were predominantly found in the gas phase with naphthalene and mono-methylated naphthalene derivatives being detected at the highest concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 18 μg m−3. The particle bound PAHs were found in the highest concentrations at the idling load haul dump vehicle exhausts with a dominance of fluoranthene and pyrene. Particle associated PAH concentrations ranged from 0.47 to 260 ng m−3 and included benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene and benzo[ghi]perylene. This work highlights the need to characterise both phases in order to assess occupational exposure to PAHs in this challenging sampling environment.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentChemistryen_ZA
dc.description.librarianhb2017en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipFunding provided by the NRF and SASOL is acknowledged, as is Impala Platinum for granting Genna-Leigh Geldenhuys study leave and funding in order for her to complete her MSc. The Plat Mines are gratefully acknowledged for funding and guided underground sampling visits.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.elsevier.com/locate/chromaen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationGeldenhuys, G, Rohwer, ER, Naude, Y & Forbes, PBC 2015, 'Monitoring of atmospheric gaseous and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in South African platinum mines utilising portable denuder sampling with analysis by thermal desorption-comprehensive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry', Journal of Chromatography A, vol. 1380, pp. 17-28.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn0021-9673 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1873-3778 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.chroma.2014.12.062
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/58947
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherElsevieren_ZA
dc.rights© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Chromatography A. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Chromatography A, vol. 1380, pp. 17-28, 2015. doi : 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.12.062.en_ZA
dc.subjectDenuderen_ZA
dc.subjectDiesel exhaust emissionsen_ZA
dc.subjectDiesel particulate matteren_ZA
dc.subjectUnderground platinum minesen_ZA
dc.subjectPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)en_ZA
dc.subjectPolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)en_ZA
dc.titleMonitoring of atmospheric gaseous and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in South African platinum mines utilising portable denuder sampling with analysis by thermal desorption-comprehensive gas chromatography-mass spectrometryen_ZA
dc.typePostprint Articleen_ZA

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