High prevalence of antibodies against canine adenovirus (CAV) type 2in domestic dog populations in South Africa precludes the use of CAV-based recombinant rabies vaccines

dc.contributor.authorWright, Nicolette
dc.contributor.authorJackson, F.R.
dc.contributor.authorNiezgoda, Michael
dc.contributor.authorEllison, J.A.
dc.contributor.authorRupprecht, Charles Edward
dc.contributor.authorNel, Louis Hendrik
dc.contributor.emailnicolette.wright@up.ac.zaen_US
dc.date.accessioned2013-10-31T10:58:54Z
dc.date.available2013-10-31T10:58:54Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.description.abstractRabies in dogs can be controlled through mass vaccination. Oral vaccination of domestic dogs would beuseful in the developing world, where greater vaccination coverage is needed especially in inaccessibleareas or places with large numbers of free-roaming dogs. From this perspective, recent research hasfocused on development of new recombinant vaccines that can be administered orally in a bait to beused as adjunct for parenteral vaccination. One such candidate, a recombinant canine adenovirus type 2vaccine expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein (CAV2-RG), is considered a promising option for dogs,given host specificity and safety. To assess the potential use of this vaccine in domestic dog populations,we investigated the prevalence of antibodies against canine adenovirus type 2 in South African dogs.Blood was collected from 241 dogs from the Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal provinces. Sampled dogs hadnot previously been vaccinated against canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV1) or canine adenovirus type 2(CAV2). Animals from both provinces had a high percentage of seropositivity (45% and 62%), suggestingthat CAV2 circulates extensively among domestic dog populations in South Africa. Given this finding,we evaluated the effect of pre-existing CAV-specific antibodies on the efficacy of the CAV2-RG vaccinedelivered via the oral route in dogs. Purpose-bred Beagle dogs, which received prior vaccination againstcanine parvovirus, canine distemper virus and CAV, were immunized by oral administration of CAV2-RG.After rabies virus (RABV) infection all animals, except one vaccinated dog, developed rabies. This studydemonstrated that pre-existing antibodies against CAV, such as naturally occurs in South African dogs,inhibits the development of neutralizing antibodies against RABV when immunized with a CAV-basedrabies recombinant vaccine.en_US
dc.description.librarianhb2013en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe University of Pretoria postgraduate student study abroad fund, the National Research Foundation and the Poliomyelitis Research Foundation.en_US
dc.description.urihttp://www.elsevier.com/locat e/vaccineen_US
dc.identifier.citationWright, N, Jackson, FR, Niezgoda, M & Ellison, JA .. et al 2013, 'High prevalence of antibodies against canine adenovirus (CAV) type 2in domestic dog populations in South Africa precludes the use of CAV-based recombinant rabies vaccines', Vaccine, vol. 31, no. 38, pp. 4177-4182.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0264-410X (print)
dc.identifier.issn1873-2518 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.089
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/32238
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rights© 2013 Elsevier. All rights reserved. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Vaccine.Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Vaccine, vol. 31, no. 38, 2013, doi : 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.089en_US
dc.subjectCanine adenovirusen_US
dc.subjectRabiesen_US
dc.subjectSouth Africaen_US
dc.subjectOral vaccinesen_US
dc.titleHigh prevalence of antibodies against canine adenovirus (CAV) type 2in domestic dog populations in South Africa precludes the use of CAV-based recombinant rabies vaccinesen_US
dc.typePostprint Articleen_US

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